The Japanese version of the anterior cruciate ligament-return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale has acceptable validity and reliability

Hirohata, Kenji; Aizawa, Junya; Furuya, Hidetaka; Mitomo, Sho; Ohmi, Takehiro; Ohji, Shunsuke; Ohara, Toshiyuki; Koga, Hideyuki; Yagishita, Kazuyoshi; Webster, Kate E.

doi:10.1007/s00167-020-05849-1

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…The ACL-RSI-It showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.963) based on the correlation among the 12 items considered, and its α value was comparable to those of the other versions of the ACL-RSI in other languages: English (0.96) [ 20 ], Swedish (0.95) [ 38 ], French (0.96) [ 39 ], Dutch (0.94) [ 40 ], Turkish (0.86) [ 17 ], Chinese (0.94) [ 41 ], Lithuanian (0.94) [ 42 ], Spanish (0.9) [ 43 ], Japanese (0.91) [ 44 ], and Norwegian (0.95) [ 45 ]. Another Italian group validated an Italian version of the ACL-RSI during the period of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Italian version of the anterior cruciate ligament–return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale and its integration into the K-STARTS test

et al. 2022

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Background The timing of a return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) represents a major subject of debate in sports medicine practice. Recently, the Knee Santy Athletic Return to Sport (K-STARTS) composite test was validated. This consists of a battery of physical tests and a psychological evaluation using the anterior cruciate ligament–return to sport after injury scale (ACL-RSI). This study aimed to translate the ACL-RSI and K-STARTS from English to Italian and determine the scale’s reliability and validity in an Italian context. Methods The translation and cultural adaptation process was performed according to the guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. The patients were asked to fill an anonymized online form created for this purpose that included the KOOS, the Lysholm, the IKDC-SKF, and the Italian translation of the ACL-RSI (ACL-RSI-It). After 1 week, the attendees were asked to repeat the ACL-RSI-It to investigate the test–retest reliability. Results The final study population comprised 115 patients who underwent ACLR, with a mean follow-up of 37.37 ± 26.56 months. The ACL-RSI-It showed axcellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.963), reliability (test–retest ICC = 0.966), and good construct validity (positive correlations with the other scales were above 75%). Conclusions The ACL-RSI-It is valid, reliable, and comparable to the original English version of the questionnaire for Italian-speaking patients. It can be used to assess the psychological readiness of patients for a RTS after primary and unilateral ACLR, and can be integrated into the Italian K-STARTS test. Level of evidence Level II.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Italian version of the anterior cruciate ligament–return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale and its integration into the K-STARTS test

et al. 2022

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“…2,14,25 The Japanese version of the ACL-RSI was created and has been confirmed to be a highly practical questionnaire with good surface validity and internal consistency. 11 Scores on the ACL-RSI were the primary outcome (dependent) variable for this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Psychological Readiness to Return to Sports With Cutting, Pivoting, and Jump-Landings After Primary ACL Reconstruction

Aizawa

Hirohata

Ohji

et al. 2020

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: High psychological readiness is an important element for returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Identifying factors that contribute to psychological readiness is essential for planning interventions to return to play. No studies have used multivariate analysis to clarify factors associated with psychological readiness to return to specific sports. Hypothesis: To identify factors that contribute to an athlete’s psychological readiness to return after ACL reconstruction to sports that require cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Study participants were athletes who before injury had participated in sports with limited contact that required cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings (basketball, soccer, futsal, volleyball, badminton, tennis, and frisbee) and hoped to return to the same sport after reconstruction. Psychological readiness was measured using the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Return to Sport After Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) in athletes more than 6 months after primary ACL reconstruction. To clarify factors associated with the ACL-RSI, univariate regression analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed using the following independent variables: age, sex, body mass index, time from injury to reconstruction, time from reconstruction to testing, meniscal surgery, modified Tegner activity scale before injury, kinesiophobia, limb symmetry index of knee strength, limb symmetry indices of single-leg hop (SLH) distances, and subjective running ability. Results: Higher subjective running ability, a lower kinesiophobia score, and greater limb symmetry in the lateral SLH were positively associated with psychological readiness. Conclusion: The psychological readiness of athletes aiming to return after ACL reconstruction to limited-contact sports that require cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings was affected by subjective running ability, kinesiophobia, and asymmetry of lateral SLH distance. This information may be useful in planning appropriate interventions and thereby increasing the likelihood of an athlete’s returning to such sports.

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“…The scale has been validated and its predictive value has been demonstrated in previous studies 5,30,57 . The Japanese version of the ACL-RSI was created and has been con rmed to offer a highly practical questionnaire with good surface validity and internal consistency 20 .…”

Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emotions, con dence, and risk appraisal, in combination representing psychological readiness, contribute to the ability to return to sport after reconstruction 58,59 . An Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport After Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) was developed to quantify the state of psychological readiness during recovery after injury and reconstruction 20,59 . The ACL-RSI score of a patient after reconstruction is related to whether the individual can return to their sport 5,30,51,59,60 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationships Between Physical Function and Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Aizawa

Hirohata

Ohji

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Information about specific factors of physical function that contribute to psychological readiness is needed to plan rehabilitation for a return to sports. The purpose of this study was to identify specific physical functions related to the psychological readiness of patients aiming to return to sports 6 months after reconstruction. We hypothesized that the knee strength is a factor related to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Return to Sport After Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) cutoff score for a return to sports at 2 years after reconstruction.Methods: Fifty-four patients who had undergone primary reconstruction using hamstring tendon participated in this study. Psychological readiness was measured using the ACL-RSI in patients at 6 months after reconstruction. To identify specific physical functions related to the ACL-RSI score, participants were divided into groups with ACL-RSI scores of ³60 or <60. Non-paired t-tests or the Mann-Whitney test were performed to analyze group differences in objective variables in physical function: 1) knee strength in both legs; 2) leg anterior reach distance on both sides; and 3) single-leg hop (SLH) distances in three directions for both legs.Results: Significant differences between groups were identified in knee flexion strength (60°/s) for the uninvolved limb, hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio (60°/s) for the uninvolved limb, knee flexion strength (180°/s) for the involved limb, limb symmetry index (LSI) of leg anterior reach distance, the ratio of the distance to the height of the patient and LSI of SLH distances in lateral and medial directions. Conclusion: This study revealed that at 6 months after reconstruction, increased knee flexion strength (Ratio of the peak torque measured to the body mass of the patient), hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, leg anterior reach distance LSI, and lateral and medial SLH appear important to exceed the ACL-RSI cutoff for a return to sports at 2 years after reconstruction. The present results may be useful for planning post-operative rehabilitation for long-term return to sports after reconstruction.

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The Japanese version of the anterior cruciate ligament-return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale has acceptable validity and reliability

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Italian version of the anterior cruciate ligament–return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale and its integration into the K-STARTS test

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Italian version of the anterior cruciate ligament–return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale and its integration into the K-STARTS test

Factors Associated With Psychological Readiness to Return to Sports With Cutting, Pivoting, and Jump-Landings After Primary ACL Reconstruction

Relationships Between Physical Function and Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

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