The isolation and identification of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid formed by nitrogen-fixing Azomonas macrocytogenes

Westervelt, Peter

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(85)90335-0

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Under conditions used in this study, none of the strains produced a yellow-green fluorescent compound analogous to that produced by Azotobacter vinelandii as reported by Westervelt et al (1985); however, iron-limited Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12334, NCIB 10958 and NCIB 8700 excreted a blue-white fluorescent compound. Our results confirm observations of Johnstone et aI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Iron-limited NCIB 9129 failed to produce the 74 kDa iron-repressible OM protein to the extent of that produced by the other strains, but it did produce a 70 kDa as well as a 77 kDa iron-repressible OM protein. In our hands none of the strains produced an iron-regulated OM protein of 83 kDa as was previously isolated from iron-limited Azornonas rnacrocytogenes ATCC 12335 (same strain as NCIB 8700) (Westervelt et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Since OM proteins of Azomonas rnacrocytogenes have been previously isolated by Sarkosyl treatment of cells recovered from solid media (Westervelt et al, 1985), we decided to compare the reliability of this simple extraction method to the physical separation of inner membrane from outer membrane by sucrose density centrifugation. OM proteins recovered by Sarkosyl extraction from Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12334 cells grown with or without iron gave SDS-PAGE profiles that differed from the respective sucrose gradient preparations (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Om Proteins Isolated By Sucrose Density Centrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several strains produce a blue-white fluorescent compound whose synthesis, unlike that of 3,4-DHBA , is repressed by iron (Johnstone et al, 1958;Thompson & Skerman, 1979). Moreover, Westervelt et al (1985) isolated outer membranes from Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12335 by Sarkosyl treatment and reported that this strain produced an iron-repressible protein with an apparent molecular mass of 83 kDa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, iron-limited Azotobacter chroococcum strain 184 produces iron-repressible OM proteins and a putative hydroxamate siderophore (Page, 1987). Azomonas macrocytogenes, another member of the Azotobacteraceae, produces 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) Westervelt et a[., 1985), an extracellular, low-affinity iron-binding compound that may play a role in solubilizing iron from the environment . Evidence is accumulating that Azomonas macrocytogenes may also benefit from a high affinity iron uptake system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Production of Outer-membrane Proteins and an Extracellular Fluorescent Compound by Iron-limited Azomonas macrocytogenes

Collinson

Page

1989

Microbiology

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Outer membranes were isolated from iron-limited and iron-sufficient Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12334 by sucrose density centrifugation or treatment with Sarkosyl. Analysis of the outer membranes by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that ironlimited cells produced greater amounts of two proteins of apparent molecular mass 74 kDa and 70 kDa than iron-sufficient cells. The enhanced production of these two proteins was evident when media contained less than 9.7 p~ added iron with maximum production occurring when media contained less than 1.1 PM added iron. Iron-limited growth conditions also caused A . macrocytogenes ATCC 12334 to excrete a visible yellow, blue-white fluorescent compound into culture supernatant fluids with maximum levels being produced in media that contained less than 1.1 p~ added iron. This fluorescent compound had a distinctive pH-dependent absorption maximum characteristic of pyoverdin-type siderophores and appeared to bind iron. Furthermore, culture supernatant fluids containing the fluorescent compound promoted the uptake of 55Fe in A . macrocytogenes ATCC 12334 cells. Three other A . macrocytogenes strains, NCIB 10958, NCIB 8700 and NCIB 91 29, produced iron-repressible outer-membrane proteins but only the former two strains produced the iron-repressible fluorescent compound. It is proposed that the iron-regulated proteins and fluorescent compound produced by A . rnacrocytogenes may function in high-affinity iron uptake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Comparison Of Om Proteins Isolated By Sucrose Density Centrimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Outer-membrane Proteins and an Extracellular Fluorescent Compound by Iron-limited Azomonas macrocytogenes

Collinson

Page

1989

Microbiology

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The isolation and immunolocalization of iron-binding compounds produced by Gloeophyllum trabeum

Jellison

Chandhoke

Goodell

et al. 1991

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Low molecular weight iron-binding compounds are produced by the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum. These chelators may function in scavenging transition metals for fungal metabolism and extracellular enzyme production. Because of the low molecular mass of the chelate-metal complex (below 1000 Da), and the oxidizing potential of the bound transition metals, certain chelating compounds could also play a role in the early stages of cellulose depolymerization by brown-rot fungi. High-affinity iron-binding compounds were isolated and partially purified from both liquid cultures of the brown-rot Gloeophyllum trabeum and from infected wood. Chelating compounds purified by thin-layer chromatography were used to prepare specific antibodies. These antibodies were shown to detect the chelator in infected wood and liquid fungal cultures by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and could be used in immunotransmission electron microscopy to visualize the high-affinity ironbinding compounds in situ. Elucidating the physiological roles of fungal chelate-metal complexes and determining their function in lignocellulose depolymerization will help us to better understand the mechanism of wood biodegradation.

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Oxidation of 2-keto-4-thiomethylbutyric acid (KTBA) by iron-binding compounds produced by the wood-decaying fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum

Chandhoke

1992

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The ability of iron‐binding compounds isolated from the brown‐rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum to carry out one‐electron oxidation reactions was established using a model substrate, 2‐keto‐4‐thiomethylbutyric acid (KTBA). The oxidation reaction was monitored by measuring the amount of ethylene produced from the substrate by gas chromatography. The extent of the reaction was found to be influenced by the concentration of the chelators, and by iron and manganese.

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The isolation and identification of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid formed by nitrogen-fixing Azomonas macrocytogenes

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Production of Outer-membrane Proteins and an Extracellular Fluorescent Compound by Iron-limited Azomonas macrocytogenes

Production of Outer-membrane Proteins and an Extracellular Fluorescent Compound by Iron-limited Azomonas macrocytogenes

The isolation and immunolocalization of iron-binding compounds produced by Gloeophyllum trabeum

Oxidation of 2-keto-4-thiomethylbutyric acid (KTBA) by iron-binding compounds produced by the wood-decaying fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum

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