The investigation of galectin-3 in diseases of the thyroid gland

Kovács, Rita Beáta; Földes, J; Winkler, Gábor; Bodó, M; Szepes, Zoltán

doi:10.1530/eje.0.1490449

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The absence of galectin-3 detection in thyroid carcinomas and the presence of galectin-3 in benign thyroid lesions have been previously reported by others (Kovacs et al, 2003), even in the large study by Bartolazzi, which demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity (490%) of galectin-3 as a marker of malignant thyroid lesions (Bartolazzi et al, 2001). In the present study, a relatively high number of benign lesions were positive for galectin-3, namely in the subgroup of undeterminate lesions, two out of 22 benign lesions (9%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Galectin-3 immunodetection in follicular thyroid neoplasms: a prospective study on fine-needle aspiration samples

et al. 2005

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Fine-needle aspiration cytology, which is well established to be accurate for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, may be inconclusive for the follicular thyroid neoplasms. As galectin-3 was suggested to be a marker of malignant thyrocytes, we investigated whether this protein might be helpful in the diagnosis of aspirates classified as undeterminate by cytology. After establishing an easy processing of aspirates for galectin-3 immunodetection, a series of aspirates categorised as benign (n ¼ 63), malignant (n ¼ 17) or undeterminate (n ¼ 34) was prospectively analysed for galectin-3. Only the patients with malignant or undeterminate lesions underwent surgery. Most lesions (86%) diagnosed as malignant by cytology or after surgery were positive for galectin-3. The majority of lesions (94%) classified as benign by cytology or after surgery was negative for galectin-3. The positive and negative predictive values were 83 and 95%, respectively. When focusing on the undeterminate lesions, the sensitivity and specificity were 75 and 90%, respectively, while the positive and negative predictive values were 82 and 87%, respectively. The specificity and the positive predictive value were higher (100%) when considering the percentage of stained cells. Altogether these results show that galectin-3 constitutes a useful marker in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions classified as undeterminate by conventional cytology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Galectin-3 immunodetection in follicular thyroid neoplasms: a prospective study on fine-needle aspiration samples

et al. 2005

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“…Other investigators have used Gal-3 in differentiating FTC from FA in fine needle aspirates (16); however, Gal-3 expression has also been reported in benign thyroid lesions (41,42). We found a reasonable accuracy (88%) in the differential diagnosis between FA and FVPTC for Gal-3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Combined immunostaining with galectin-3, fibronectin-1, CITED-1, Hector Battifora mesothelial-1, cytokeratin-19, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and sodium/iodide symporter antibodies for the differential diagnosis of non-medullary thyroid carcinoma

Liu¹,

Morreau²,

Kievit³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objectives: The microscopic distinction between benign and malignant thyroid lesions in clinical practice is still largely based on conventional histology. This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of galectin-3 (Gal-3), Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 (HBME-1), cytokeratin (CK)-19, CBP P300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid E-and aspartic acid D-rich C-terminal domain (CITED-1), fibronectin (FN)-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-g, and intracellular sodium/iodide symporter (iNIS) immunostaining in a large panel of thyroid neoplasms. Our study differed from earlier ones with regard to the identification of optimal semiquantitative cut-off levels using receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Methods: We used tissue arrays containing 177 thyroid tissues: 100 benign tissues (including normal thyroid, Graves disease, multinodular goiter, and follicular adenoma (FA)) and 77 thyroid carcinomas (including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma, and follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC)). Antibody staining was scored semiquantitatively based on the ROC analyses and with hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: In general, we found overexpression of FN-1, CITED-1, Gal-3, CK-19, HBME-1, and iNIS in malignant thyroid lesions. Gal-3, FN-1, and iNIS had the highest accuracy in the differential diagnosis of follicular lesions. A panel of Gal-3, FN-1, and iNIS, identified by hierarchical cluster analysis, had a 98% accuracy to differentiate between FA and malignant thyroid lesions. In addition, HBME-1 was found to be useful in the differentiation between FA and FVPTC (accuracy 88%). Conclusion: We conclude that identifying optimal antibody panels with cluster analysis increases the diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms, the combination of FN-1, Gal-3, and iNIS having the best accuracy (98%). 158 375-384 European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The follicular cells entrapped in areas of great chronic lymphocyte inflammation were also positive. This is in agreement with Kova´cs et al (14) and Herrmann et al (9). Rabinovich and Rubinstein (15) stated that the most likely explanation for the Gal3 expression of non-neoplastic follicular cells in an inflamed area is neosynthesis affected by cytokines secreted by inflammatory cells or the simple permeation of Gal3 abundantly shed by lymphocytes into the neighboring follicular cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules Using Thyroid Peroxidase and Galectin-3:an Immunohistochemical Study

Elkateb

Ahmed

Mohammed

et al. 2013

Zagazig University Medical Journal

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Background and aim: Thyroid gland carcinoma is a very prevalent neoplasia worldwide. The majority of malignant and benign lesions of the thyroid can be cytologically established. However, to distinguish between malignant and benign lesions histological demonstration is often required for a precise diagnosis. The aim of this study is to detect the ability of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and to differentiate between thyroid malignant and non-malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: 50 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks of different thyroid lesions were previously diagnosed and were sectioned at 3-4 μ thick and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain to confirm the histopathologic diagnosis, assess the subtypes of the lesions and assess the histopathologic grading and then were subjected to galectin-3 (Gal-3) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) immunostaining. Results: In this retrospective histologic study, galectin-3 had a sensitivity of 93.3% for papillary thyroid carcinoma and 50% for follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) had a sensitivity of 60% for papillary and 12.5% for follicular carcinoma. The combination of galectin-3 and TPO had a sensitivity of 100% for papillary and 50% for follicular carcinoma. Conclusion: This study confirms previous observations that galectin-3 alone is highly sensitive for papillary carcinoma but not adequately sensitive for follicular carcinoma. The combination of galectin-3 and TPO is complementary as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for patients with papillary carcinoma.

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The investigation of galectin-3 in diseases of the thyroid gland

Cited by 60 publications

References 27 publications

Galectin-3 immunodetection in follicular thyroid neoplasms: a prospective study on fine-needle aspiration samples

Galectin-3 immunodetection in follicular thyroid neoplasms: a prospective study on fine-needle aspiration samples

Combined immunostaining with galectin-3, fibronectin-1, CITED-1, Hector Battifora mesothelial-1, cytokeratin-19, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and sodium/iodide symporter antibodies for the differential diagnosis of non-medullary thyroid carcinoma

Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules Using Thyroid Peroxidase and Galectin-3:an Immunohistochemical Study

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