The invention of chemically crosslinked polyethylene

Precopio, Frank M.

doi:10.1109/57.744587

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A single broad peak at ,800 cm 21 due to -Si-CH indicates efficient grafting and two peaks (doublet) at 771 and 814 cm 21 attributed respectively to the unreacted Si-CH5CH 2 rocking and stretching modes indicate the presence of free VTMOS, where the VTMOS has not grafted correctly onto the polyethylene. 27 The infrared spectrum of sample H showing doublet peaks was subtracted from that of sample L showing a broad single peak (as seen in Fig. 4), in an attempt to remove unreacted VTMOS.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR analysis of silane grafted high density polyethylene

Ahmed¹,

Gilbert²,

Mainprize³

et al. 2009

Plastics, Rubber and Composites

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Vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMOS) monomer was grafted onto high density polyethylene by reactive processing in a twin screw extruder in the temperature range of 180-240uC. The effect of VTMOS and 1,3-bis (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene peroxide (BTBB) on the extent of grafting was studied using qualitative and quantitative Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The grafting reactions were confirmed via infrared absorption bands present in the 800 cm 21 region which are characteristic wavenumbers for the vibration modes of the Si-CH group from VTMOS (CH 2 5CH-Si-(OCH 3 ) 3 ). The percentage of reacted and unreacted VTMOS was calculated by a novel Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy quantitative method developed through measurements of infrared absorbance bands at peaks 795 and 814 cm 21 that are influenced by both reacted and unreacted silane. The effect of silane and peroxide concentrations on the concentration of reacted and unreacted silane present in the material was determined. The change in unsaturation content measured at absorbance 1009 cm 21 supported these findings.

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Section: Quantitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR analysis of silane grafted high density polyethylene

Ahmed¹,

Gilbert²,

Mainprize³

et al. 2009

Plastics, Rubber and Composites

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“…Coil insulations of electromagnets, power transformers or electrical cables are common examples through many other industrial applications. High-energy cables with crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation are largely used for electric power transmission since 1960s [1,2] due both to the high performances of this material and to the economic efficiency of its production [3][4][5][6]. Different substances, such as peroxides [7], silanes [8][9][10] or ionizing radiations [11][12][13][14], are regularly used as crosslinking agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper diffusion in cable-insulating materials by chemiluminescence and DSC techniques

Jipa

Setnescu

Zaharescu³

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Chemiluminescence (CL) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied for proving the copper ion migration processes occurring within the lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE) electrical insulator as a consequence of intimate contact. Thin LDPE slides of 0.5 mm thick were subjected to short-time thermal stress at temperatures between 80 and 120°C. Both CL and DSC kinetic parameters revealed the acceleration of posttreatment oxidation at elevated temperatures (170-200°C) in copper-contacting polymer as in respect to the cases when Cu was absent. It was revealed that the oxidation rate measured by CL was more than two times higher for the samples heated in the presence of Cu than in its absence, while the oxidation induction time from DSC was considerably lowered for the same samples. Elemental analysis data provided by atomic absorption spectroscopy and particle-induced X-ray emission techniques as well as SEM investigations confirmed the presence of copper within the samples subjected to thermal treatment when the polymer insulation was in contact with the metallic conductor. Chemiluminescence procedure has a remarkable sensitivity to detect the effect of copper in the polymer matrix even at low concentrations.

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“…XLPE is a thermoset material produced by the compounding of LDPE with a crosslinking agent such as dicumyl peroxide. Al Gilbert and Frank Precopio invented XLPE in March 1963 in the GE Research Laboratory located in Niskayuna, New York [2]. In this process, the long-chain PE molecules "crosslink" during a curing (vulcanization) process to form a material that has electrical characteristics that are similar to thermoplastic PE, but with better mechanical properties, particularly at high temperatures.…”

Section: Xlpe Insulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factors Affecting Quality and Reliability of Xlpe Insulation of Power Cables

Kucheriava¹

2017

Praci Inst. elektrodin. Nac. akad. nauk Ukr.

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Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) has become the globally preferred insulation for power cables, both for distribution and transmission system applications. This insulation system provides cost efficiency in operation and procurement, as well as lower environmental and maintenance requirements when compared to older impregnated paper systems. The purpose of this paper is to outline some of the developments that have led to this position. Understanding these developments will assist utilities to continue sourcing, and installing, the reliable underground assets that they require for the future.

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The invention of chemically crosslinked polyethylene

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

FTIR analysis of silane grafted high density polyethylene

FTIR analysis of silane grafted high density polyethylene

Copper diffusion in cable-insulating materials by chemiluminescence and DSC techniques

The Factors Affecting Quality and Reliability of Xlpe Insulation of Power Cables

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