The Intestinal Microflora of Poultry and Game Birds During Life and After Storage

Barnes, Ella M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1979.tb00838.x

Cited by 142 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In chickens their number reaches 10 pergoftheceacalcontents (Barnes 1979). Thesebacteria are therefore the most frequently used as probiotics (F u 11 e r 1990): Howewer, it is well known that coccidiostats, which are commonly used in chicken rearing, can strongly inhibit lactic acid bacteria including lactobacilli (Dutta andDevriese 1981,1984;Chow and Russel 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of chicken intestinal lactobacilli to coccidiostats

Rada¹,

Rychlý²,

Voříšek³

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

R a d a V., I. R Y chi y and R. V 0 f i § e k: Susceptibility of chicken intestinallactobacilli to coccidiostats. Acta vet. Brno, 63,1994: 9-12. Two strains of lactobacilli (26R and 51R) were tested for growth characteristics in MRS broth and in moistened chicken feed mixture BR-I-IT with and without coccidiostat supplements (monensin, maduramicin and robenidin). Minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) for all three coccidiostats were measured in MRS broth.The strains were most susceptible to monensin (MIC 2 mg. 1-1 for both strains) and most resistantto robenidin (MIC 90 mg. 1-1 for strain 26R and 110 mg. 1-1 for strain 51R). The onset of growth in moistened feed was delayed by monensin from 0.14 h to 7.07 h for strain 26R and from 0.87 h to 3.59 h for strain 51R. The other coccidiostat did not affect the growth of either strain to any significant extent. The results suggested that probiotics containing lactobacilli can only be combined with specific coccidiostats. Feed additives, resistance. probioticsLactobacilli constitute an-im~rtant component of the intestinal flora in all farm animals.In chickens their number reaches 10 pergoftheceacalcontents (Barnes 1979). Thesebacteria are therefore the most frequently used as probiotics (F u 11 e r 1990): Howewer, it is well known that coccidiostats, which are commonly used in chicken rearing, can strongly inhibit lactic acid bacteria including lactobacilli (Dutta and Devriese 1981,1984;Chow and Russel 1990).The aim of this study was to determine interactions among three commonly used coccidiostats and two chicken intestinal lactobacilli. Materials and Methods OrganismsTwo strains were isolated from the chicken caeca. Strain 26R was closely related to L salivarius and strain 51 R to L cas e i. Both strains were rifampicin resistant and were used in chicken experiments studying lactobacilli survival in the gut. Minimal inhibition concentration assessmentThe following coccidiostats were examined: monensin, maduramicin and robenidin (Biofaktory Praha s. r. 0.). These compounds were dissolved in ethanol and sterilized by filtration through filter membrane with 0.3 p.m pores (Barvy a laky Praha s. r. 0.). Solutions of coccidiostats (concentration 4 mg.ml-I)were added to sterile MRS broth (D e Man n et al. 1960) to obtain required concentrations. Control tubes contained an equivalent amount of ethanol. Cultures were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The growth was assessed as a visible turbidity. Growth characteristicsSpecific growth rate (p.) and lag time (L) were determined in MRS broth and in the chicken feed mixtureBR-I-IT (international test) which was moistened by twice its volume of tap water. Chicken feed (maize meal, 59 %; soyabeen meal extracted. 25 %; fish meal, 10 %; vitamin supplement DB BR-l, 1 %; mineral supplement MKP2 SP, 3 %) was used alone or with the following supplements of coccidiostats: monensin (100 mg.kg-I ), maduramicin (5 mg.kg-I ) and robenidin (33 mg.kg -I). These concentrations are usually used as coccodiostats in feed mixtures. The lactob...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of chicken intestinal lactobacilli to coccidiostats

Rada¹,

Rychlý²,

Voříšek³

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The cecal microbiota is the most important fermentative population in non-ruminant animals. The ceca contain the largest amount of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers (Barnes et al, 1972, Barnes et al, 1973Barnes, 1979), and most are obligatory anaerobes. The characterization of the cecal microbiota in poultry started in the beginning of the 1970s (Barnes et al, 1972).…”

Section: Inhabitants Of the Cecummentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiosis: concepts and prospects

Barbosa

Figueiredo-Lima

Givisiez

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of probiotics in animal and human feeding has been a subject of increasing interest both for the academia and the industry, mostly due to their potential positive effects on health and profitability. However, the knowledge on the composition of bacterial gastrointestinal communities in humans and animals, as well as its respective nutritional requirements, is far from being elucidated. Due to the ban of the use of antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeds, there has been an increasing interest on the utilization of probiotics to improve animal intestinal health under commercial settings. However, the possibility of horizontal transference of antibiotic-resistant genes between probiotic bacteria and pathogenic species has become a concern of poultry farmers and consumers around the world. Innovative ideas have emerged, such as the addition of essential oils, spices, and other plant extracts to feeds of monogastric animals to promote intestinal health. These natural compounds are considered ecologically adequate and safe for feeding purposes. This new reality will probably change the direction of research and of the use of additives in poultry production.

show abstract

“…These studies were technically difficult and extremely time consuming because strict anaerobic conditions had to be maintained, and numerous biochemical differentiation tests had to be carried out. Using such methods, only an estimated 10 to 60% of the bacteria in the intestinal tract could be cultivated (Barnes, 1979). A more comprehensive overview of the intestinal microbiota of poultry would not only be of interest to basic microbiological ecology but might also be of practical importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional studies were carried out in the 1940s (Shapiro and Sarles, 1949), but not until the 1970s were comprehensive surveys attempted by culturing as many of the intestinal bacteria as possible (Barnes, 1979). These studies were technically difficult and extremely time consuming because strict anaerobic conditions had to be maintained, and numerous biochemical differentiation tests had to be carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rRNA-based analysis of bacterial diversity in the microbial flora of the goose intestinal tract

Wang¹,

Shi²,

Xu³

et al. 2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The microflora in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry influences digestion, health, and wellbeing. Analysis of poultry gut microflora has been done mainly by culture-based methods. Studies using these techniques have been useful for identification and analysis of specific groups of bacteria, however, the use of enrichment medium precludes even relative quantitation of bacterial species. Recent advances in molecular techniques make it possible to identify different bacterial populations in poultry gastrointestinal tract. In this study, the intestinal microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA targeted probes from bacterial DNA isolated from five intestinal sections. DNA from microbial flora of five intestinal sections (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon) of six geese was extracted by lysozyme-SDS-phenol/chloroform and freeze thawing combined method. The predominant bacterial community structure was analysed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the DNA followed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). The results showed that there were common bands in the five tract segments analysed, but also many differential bands. Phylogenetic and similarity analyses of the sequences of the cloned fragments from DGGE revealed that the similarity of 26 clones was over 97%, others were between 94~96%, and 19 clones of all were similar to sequences of uncultured bacteria.

show abstract

The Intestinal Microflora of Poultry and Game Birds During Life and After Storage

Cited by 142 publications

References 45 publications

Susceptibility of chicken intestinal lactobacilli to coccidiostats

Susceptibility of chicken intestinal lactobacilli to coccidiostats

Probiosis: concepts and prospects

16S rRNA-based analysis of bacterial diversity in the microbial flora of the goose intestinal tract

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About