The Interface between Epidemiology and Molecular Biology in the Search for the Causes of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Drash, A L; Rb, Lipton; Js, Dorman; Dj, Becker; Re, LaPorte; Orchard, Trevor J.; Wj, Riley; Trucco, Massimo; Lh, Kuller

doi:10.3109/07853899109148090

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our study validates the concept of epidemiological genetics respecting the genetic base as significantly influenced by environmental factors 10 . It also re-corroborates the chronocosmobiological approach to solving medical issues, pioneered in this country almost half a century ago by Derer" and developed successively to a general concept of evolution in biology with considerable importance for preventive and clinical medicine 12 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

IA-2A Positivity Rate at Manifestation of Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Slovak Children Culminates in September

Michalková¹,

Mikulecký²,

Tomecková³

2003

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

IA-2A Positivity Rate at Manifestation of Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Slovak Children Culminates in September

Michalková¹,

Mikulecký²,

Tomecková³

2003

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although an increased background of autoimmunity in families of children with juvenile DM has been reported by others (22), the present findings do not confirm this impression. An increase in IDDM in the families of the children with juvenile DM might have been anticipated, inasmuch as an association with the HLA antigen DR3 is found in juvenile DM (23), IDDM (24), and IDDM following CVB5 infection (25). However, juvenile DM is strongly associated with DQA1*0501 (17), while IDDM is associated with a modified beta chain of the DQA allele (24), which may explain the relatively small number of reports of IDDM in the juvenile DM families in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New‐onset juvenile dermatomyositis. Comparisons with a healthy cohort and children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Pachman

Hayford

Hochberg

et al. 1997

Arthritis & Rheumatism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. To determine, in a case‐control study, if patients with new‐onset juvenile dermatomyositis (juvenile DM) have increased symptoms prior to onset, exposure to certain environmental conditions, frequency of familial autoimmune diseases, or antibody titers, compared with 2 control groups. Methods. A structured interview with the families of 80 children with juvenile DM, 40 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), or 23 healthy children, from the same geographic area as the children with juvenile DM, was conducted. All children's sera were tested for antibody to Toxoplasma gondii, herpes simplex virus (HSV), or coxsackievirus B (CVB). Results. A high proportion of children with juvenile DM had constitutional symptoms 3 months before the disease‐onset date (P = 0.013 versus control children). Children with JRA had more relatives with rheumatoid arthritis (P = 0.0001) and pernicious anemia (P = 0.003) than did children with juvenile DM or healthy children. Among children ⩽7 years of age, elevated enteroviral titers were more frequent in those with juvenile DM (81%) and in healthy controls (90%) than in those with JRA (64%), suggesting a common environmental exposure. Titers to T gondii, HSV, or CVB 1‐6 were normal. Conclusion. Frequencies of familial autoimmune disease, exposure to environmental factors, or elevated antibody titers to T gondii, HSV, or CVB are not increased in juvenile DM. Children with juvenile DM do have symptoms of illness 3 months before the disease‐onset date, and young patients have elevated enteroviral titers, as do young geographic controls.

show abstract

“…In man the clearest association between a viral infection and diabetes is that of diabetes in CRS and in congenital CMV infection. CRS is typical of an autoimmune disease by being associated with HLA-DR3 [84] and ICA [85] and occurring in 100 % of genetically-susceptible individuals [86]. In CRS 12-20 % of affected individuals develop diabetes 5-20 years post-infection [18].…”

Section: Autoimmunity and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of recent developments with particular reference to the picornaviruses seems timely. This is especially so, since there appears to be a greatly renewed interest in the importance of environmental factors in the genesis of diabetes [2,3]. Viruses are the most likely of such factors to be involved in the development of insulindependent diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes mellitus due to viruses ? some recent developments

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many different viruses belonging to several genera have the potential to damage beta cells. The mechanisms they employ are varied, and infection may result in either a direct destruction of islets and rapid insulin deficiency, or in a more gradual loss of functioning islets with the onset of diabetes many years later. Several case histories involving extensive cytolysis of beta cells can be directly linked to viral infection, whilst an example of diabetes occurring many years after viral infection is found in individuals who had a congenital infection with rubella virus. Here, the virus induces an autoimmune reaction against beta cells. Autoimmune phenomena have also been observed in islets following infections with viruses other than rubella, and thus activation of autoimmune mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction may be a relatively frequent occurrence. Recent evidence shows that picornaviruses are not exclusively lytic, and can induce more subtle, long-term changes in beta cells, which may be important in the aetiology of diabetes. The exact mechanisms involved are not known, but it is clear that several viruses can directly inhibit insulin synthesis and induce the expression of other proteins such as interferons, and the HLA antigens. Strain differences in viruses are important since not all variants are tropic for the beta cells. Several laboratories are in the process of identifying the genetic determinants of tropism and diabetogenicity, especially amongst the Coxsackie B (CB) virus group. The sequence of one such diabetogenic CB4 strain virus has been determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

show abstract

The Interface between Epidemiology and Molecular Biology in the Search for the Causes of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

IA-2A Positivity Rate at Manifestation of Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Slovak Children Culminates in September

IA-2A Positivity Rate at Manifestation of Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Slovak Children Culminates in September

New‐onset juvenile dermatomyositis. Comparisons with a healthy cohort and children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Diabetes mellitus due to viruses ? some recent developments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About