The Interesting of Antifungal Effects of Novel <i>In Vitro</i> Fabrics of Stabilized ZnO Nanofluids

Abstract

According to the extent of fungal infections, to be chronic these such diseases and recently the emerging issue of increased antibiotic resistance in fungal infections, most of scientists are going to find a proper way to replace antibacterial agent by significant semiconductor ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). They are well known to be one of the most important and special metal oxide nanoparticles in pharmaceutical against the most common fungi. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using sol-gel, hydrothermal and functionalized surface methods and formulated in water solutions as nanofluids. XRD, FTIR and SEM techniques and UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy characterized their ZnO modified nanostructures. Also antimycotic potential according to generally tests such as: (MIC) minimum inhibitory concentration, (MFC) minimum fungicidal concentration and normally well diffusion method with standard strains fungi were performed. Among five common fungi strains using in this research, new various ZnO nanofluids showed noticeable results for dermatophyte fungi like Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Candida albicans and Candid tropicalis which had un growth zones in order 70, 40, 35, 30 and 30 mm in comparing with Clotrimazole reference reagent: 30, 25, 25, 18 and 20 mm by well method. The performance of MIC for ZnO nanofluids on fungi was determined to be equal to 0.35, 3.12, 6.25, 6.25 and 6.25 µgr/ml and MFC of nanoproducts showed the 1.5, 12.5, 25, 25 and 25 µgr/ml. Therefore, the designed ZnO nanofluids could reveal the most effect on fungi which cause dermal (ringworm), mucosal (thrush) and vaginal infections, so we are able to apply these surface high energetic ZnO water-based nanofluid formulations as in vitro nanomedicine and nanohygiene for the first time.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Pine Pollen and Evaluation of the Antifungal Efficiency

“…The antifungal and antibacterial activities of silver nanostructures have already been known (7,16,35,(38)(39)(40)(41). In the present study, the inhibitory eff ect of AgNPs was assayed against Neofusicoccum parvum.…”

“…In the present study, the inhibitory eff ect of AgNPs was assayed against Neofusicoccum parvum. AgNPs can represent this inhibitory eff ect through diff erent mechanisms including i) binding to cytoplasmic membrane causing cell membrane damage, forming pits on the cell surface, and/or modifying cell wall permeability, ii) inhibition of major cellular functions such as respiration, DNA replication, and cell division, resulting in loss of cell viability (38,42). It should be also added that this inhibitory eff ect is size-dependent enhancing with decrement in the size (42-44).…”

The Mirror Strategy of Nanoparticles against the Coronavirus

“…Hence, the term of bombardment of virus by NPs is completely wrong. If the NPs with very small sizes, such as quantum dots [16,17], could be able to penetrate into host cell membranes of virus/bacteria/fungi [18,19,20] and create a hydrogen bonding with the cell membrane's proteins, they will destroy the structural bonds through oxidation-reduction communications and also inhibit post-attachment virus replications. However, we add that individual NPs should necessarily be able to form and produce reactive oxygen species )ROS) factors as well, like semiconductor TiO2, and ZnO NPs [21,22].…”

ZnO Q-dots as a potent therapeutic nanomedicine for in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of mouth KB44, breast MCF7, colon HT29 and HeLa cancer cell lines, mouse ear swelling tests in vivo and its side effects using the animal model

“…A mixture of hexamethylenetetramine and triethanolamine in water-ethanol solution was used for amine hydrolysis under vigorous stirring in hot (80 C) and cold (0 C) fast-quenching conditions in the presence of various surfactant templates to obtain polar surface area and very fine nanoparticles. The pH was then adjusted to 8 and stirring was continued under reflux for 9 h. The obtained product was placed in an oven (80 C) for 6 d under hydrothermal process and the solvent was then completely evaporated [9,10,[25][26][27][28][29]. The resulting soya fatty acidcapped ZnO is highly reactive with energetic surfaces.…”

“…The reaction mixture was then refluxed at 70-80 C for 5-7 h to complete the reaction and then, hydrothermal process was maintained at 80 C overnight. Having evaporated the solvent, the product was washed several times with cold alcohol-water mixture and followed by drying at 85 C in an oven [9,[25][26][27]30]. The energetic strong surface of ZnO NPs can thus be modified and adopted using PVP matrix substrate for biological-based applications nanoformulation.…”