The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Hyde, Bernard; Forrestal, Patrick J.; Jahangir, M. M. R.; Ryan, Michael G.; Fanning, A.; Carton, O. T.; Lanigan, Gary; Richards, Karl G.

doi:10.1515/ijafr-2016-0001

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…During the period of study, a treatment of 69 kg of N ha −1 was applied and we estimated that 12.2% of the field was covered by urine patches. The amount of nitrogen in sheep urine is required to use the emission factor but this is poorly reported in the literature Hyde et al, 2016;Marsden et al, 2016). For these calculations, the data summarized by Selbie et al (2015) on sheep grazing urine N content were considered.…”

Section: Estimation Of N 2 O Emissions From Patches At the Field Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient losses from livestock at the field scale are difficult to assess in full due to the randomness of the deposition of urine and dung from grazing animals (Auerswald and Mayer, 2010;Cowan et al, 2015). Past research has focused primarily upon the overall control and management of livestock waste and its impacts on the environment, grass production, and soil quality (Boon et al, 2014;Selbie et al, 2015;Hyde et al, 2016) with little attention paid to spatial heterogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, using these values, the amount of urine N deposited represents an equivalent of 2.0-4.8 times the annual amount of N fertilizer (225 kg N ha −1 ). This excess of applied nitrogen leads to an increased likelihood of N leaching, ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization, and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission, but also increased grass growth (Hyde et al, 2016;Marsden et al, 2016), as well as increasing nitrogen and carbon pools in the soil urine depositions change soil pH, soil surface temperature, and soil moisture content (Marriott et al, 1987;Moir et al, 2011;Boon et al, 2014;Selbie et al, 2015). All factors are likely to change the N 2 O emission rate (Clough et al, 2004;Hoogendoorn et al, 2008;De Klein et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Urine Patches on Intensively Managed Grassland Using Aerial Imagery Captured From Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems

Maire

Gibson-poole

Cowan

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The deposition of livestock urine and feces in grazed fields results in a sizable input of available nitrogen (N) in these soils; therefore significantly increasing potential nitrogen pollution from agricultural areas in the form of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), ammonia (NH 3 ), and nitrate (NO 3 − ). Livestock deposition events contributes to high spatial variability within the field and generate uncertainties when assessing the contribution that animal waste has on nitrogen pollution pathways. This study investigated an innovative technique for identifying the spatial coverage of urine deposition in grasslands without the need for manual soil measurements. A Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) using a twin camera system was used to identify urine patches in a 5 ha field, which had been grazed by sheep 3 weeks previous to measurements. The imagery was processed using Agisoft Photoscan (Agisoft LLC) to produce true and false color orthomosaic imagery of the entire field. Imagery of five areas (225 m 2 ) within the field were analyzed using a custom R script. For a total of 1,125 m 2 of grassland, 12.2% of the area consisted of what was classified as urine patch. A simple up-scaling method was applied to these data to calculate N 2 O emissions for the entire field providing an estimate of 1.3-2.0 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 emissions from urine and fertilizer inputs.

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Section: Estimation Of N 2 O Emissions From Patches At the Field Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Urine Patches on Intensively Managed Grassland Using Aerial Imagery Captured From Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems

Maire

Gibson-poole

Cowan

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…There have been few studies investigating the effect of fertiliser application onto urine patches on N 2 O emissions to date. The study of Hyde et al (2016) found a multiplicative effect of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) application to urine patches in grazed grassland, i.e. the N 2 O emission from urine and CAN applied together exceeded the sum of the N 2 O emission for urine and CAN applied separately.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objectives of this study were to: a) determine whether the sum of N 2 O emissions from urine and a range of N fertilisers applied alone (disaggregated and then reaggregated) approximated the N 2 O emission of urine and fertiliser N applied together (aggregated), i.e. was the effect additive or multiplicative (as observed by Hyde et al 2016 for CAN); b) establish whether the relationship varied among N fertilisers. vials (Labco, High Wycombe, UK).…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Król

Minet

Forrestal

et al. 2017

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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Pasture-based livestock agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O). Although a body of research is available on the effect of urine patch N or fertiliser N on N2O emissions, limited data is available on the effect of fertiliser N applied to patches of urinary N, which can cover up to a fifth of the yearly grazed area. This study investigated whether the sum of N2O emissions from urine and a range of N fertilisers, calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) or urea ± urease inhibitor ± nitrification inhibitor, applied alone (disaggregated and re-aggregated) approximated the N2O emission of urine and fertiliser N applied together (aggregated). Application of fertiliser to urine patches did not significantly increase either the cumulative yearly N2O emissions or the N2O emission factor in comparison to urine and fertiliser applied separately with the emissions re-aggregated. However, there was a consistent trend for approximately 20% underestimation of N2O loss generated from fertiliser and urine applied separately when compared to figures generated when urine and fertiliser were applied together. N2O emission factors from fertilisers were 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.17% and 0.25% from urea ± dicyandiamide (DCD), urea + N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) + DCD, urea + NBPT and urea, respectively, while the emission factor for urine alone was 0.33%. Calcium ammonium nitrate and urea did not interact differently with urine even when the urea included DCD. N2O losses could be reduced by switching from CAN to urea-based fertilisers.

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Greenhouse gases emissions from tropical grasslands affected by nitrogen fertilizer management

et al. 2020

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Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from livestock systems are important because of their significant contribution to global warming. Nitrogen fertilization can improve system production; however, it alters soil gas emissions. We evaluated soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O), methane (CH 4), and carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions to investigate how they are affected by increasing levels of N fertilizer (urea) in a productive Marandu grass [Urochloa brizantha (Hochst ex A. Rich) Stapf] pasture subjected to continuous grazing by young Nellore beef cattle (Bos indicus). The N 2 O, CH 4, and CO 2 emissions were significantly affected by increasing N fertilizer levels. The seasons also affected GHGs emissions. Nitrogen fertilizer favored CH 4 consumption relative to the control plot without N, with mean emission of 23.7 μg CH 4 −C m −2 h −1 in the fertilized plots compared to 61.6 μg CH 4 −C m −2 h −1 in the control. The N-fertilized areas presented higher CO 2 emissions compared to the control plot without N. The areas that received N fertilization showed a positive linear association between the water-filled pore space and N 2 O emission. Soil temperature drove CO 2 emissions. Increasing N fertilization in grazed marandu grass increases N 2 O and CO 2 emissions during the growing season, while reducing CH 4. The effect of fertilization during the transition season was not apparent, and perhaps other factors could provide a better explanation for the GHG emissions during this period.

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The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Identifying Urine Patches on Intensively Managed Grassland Using Aerial Imagery Captured From Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems

Identifying Urine Patches on Intensively Managed Grassland Using Aerial Imagery Captured From Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems

The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Greenhouse gases emissions from tropical grasslands affected by nitrogen fertilizer management

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