The interaction of toxic amounts of lead and zinc fed to young growing horses

Ra, Willoughby; MacDonald, Ewen; Bj, McSherry; Brown, G. Gordon

doi:10.1136/vr.91.16.382

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The literature on this subject is extensive (see also Chapter 3, Section 3B.6.). Willoughby et al, 1972;Thornton, 1974;Mills and Dalgarno, 1972;Mills et al, 1980) and there is considerable evidence to suggest that the uptake and effects of several metals including lead, zinc, molybdenum and copper are closely inter-related (see also Underwood, 1977). Allcroft also noted that blood and faecal analysis of surviving animals in herds in which lead poisoning was suspected could be of value.…”

Section: Other Animals As Monitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution

Martin

Coughtrey

1982

211

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Section: Other Animals As Monitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution

Martin

Coughtrey

1982

211

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“…After an interval of several decades interest in the possible interaction of nutrients with Pb has been revived and in the last few years it has been reported that the retention of oralIy ingested Pb by the rat is increased by reducing the dietary Ca content (Six & Goyer, 1970;Mahaffey, Goyer & Haseman, 1973) and decreased by a simultaneous increase in dietary Ca and P, and by the addition of alginate to the diet (Kostial, Simonovid & PiSoniC, 1971). The retention of Pb was increased in rats by iron deficiency (Six & Goyer, 1972) and decreased in foals by very high dietary zinc contents (Willoughby, MacDonald, McSherry & Brown, 1972). Diets low in Ca and P had no effect on tissue Pb contents in the horse, except for the liver, in which the Pb content was increased (Willoughby, Thirapatsakun & McSherry, 1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retention of Pb was increased in rats by iron deficiency (Six & Goyer, 1972) and decreased in foals by very high dietary zinc contents (Willoughby, MacDonald, McSherry & Brown, 1972). Diets low in Ca and P had no effect on tissue Pb contents in the horse, except for the liver, in which the Pb content was increased (Willoughby, Thirapatsakun & McSherry, 1972). An increase in dietary P reduced the plasma and bone Pb contents of lambs given Pb in the diet (Morrison, Quarterman & Humphries, 1974).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on the retention and excretion of lead in rats

Quarterman¹,

Morrison²

1975

Br J Nutr

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1. Rats were given diets containing different amounts of calcium, phosphorus and lead.2. Pb retention was greatly increased when the diets contained less Ca or P than the minimum estimated requirement of the rat.3. The release of Pb already incorporated into the skeleton was inhibited by diets low in Ca but was not affected by diets low in P.4. The retention of Pb given intraperitoneally was not affected by dietary Ca or P.5. It can be concluded that dietary Ca and P influence the absorption of Pb by the gut and dietary Ca influences the metabolism of Pb in the bone.6. There were changes in the distribution of Pb among the tissues due to changes of dietary Ca.7. At low body concentrations, Pb probably affected skeletal growth.

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“…In particular, certain acquired causes (eg, trauma from neck stretch or thoracic vessel pulsation) would be ruled out if other long nerves are affected, whereas toxic or genetic causes might be more likely if the disease is found to be a polyneuropathy. Polyneuropathies typically produce diverse clinical signs according to the nerves that are diseased: for example, equine polyneuropathies include those with a toxic etiology (such as Australian Stringhalt, lead, and possibly haloxon) result in laryngeal dysfunction, dysphagia, proprioceptive deficits and gait abnormalities . Similarly, disorders such as equine motor neuron disease, are associated with widespread, generalized and symmetrical peripheral motor nerve involvement…”

Section: Axonal Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological classification of equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy

Draper

Piercy

2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Recurrent Laryngeal Neuropathy (RLN) is a highly prevalent and predominantly left‐sided, degenerative disorder of the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLn) of tall horses, that causes inspiratory stridor at exercise because of intrinsic laryngeal muscle paresis. The associated laryngeal dysfunction and exercise intolerance in athletic horses commonly leads to surgical intervention, retirement or euthanasia with associated financial and welfare implications. Despite speculation, there is a lack of consensus and conflicting evidence supporting the primary classification of RLN, as either a distal (“dying back”) axonopathy or as a primary myelinopathy and as either a (bilateral) mononeuropathy or a polyneuropathy; this uncertainty hinders etiological and pathophysiological research. In this review, we discuss the neuropathological changes and electrophysiological deficits reported in the RLn of affected horses, and the evidence for correct classification of the disorder. In so doing, we summarize and reveal the limitations of much historical research on RLN and propose future directions that might best help identify the etiology and pathophysiology of this enigmatic disorder.

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The interaction of toxic amounts of lead and zinc fed to young growing horses

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Biological Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution

Biological Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution

The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on the retention and excretion of lead in rats

Pathological classification of equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy

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