The interaction of competition for light and for nutrients

Donald, CM

doi:10.1071/ar9580421

Cited by 245 publications

(155 citation statements)

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“…For a long time, plant ecologists have intensively studied competition and facilitation along resource gradients (Donald, 1958;Grime, 1977;Tilman, 1988;Wilson and Tilman, 1988). However, empirical results and theories remain controversial (Garcia-Barros, 2003).…”

Section: Intercrop and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing Plant Species in Cropping Systems: Concepts, Tools and Models: A Review

Malézieux

Crozat²,

Dupraz³

et al. 2009

Sustainable Agriculture

158

147

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-The evolution of natural ecosystems is controled by a high level of biodiversity, In sharp contrast, intensive agricultural systems involve monocultures associated with high input of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Intensive agricultural systems have clearly negative impacts on soil and water quality and on biodiversity conservation. Alternatively, cropping systems based on carefully designed species mixtures reveal many potential advantages under various conditions, both in temperate and tropical agriculture. This article reviews those potential advantages by addressing the reasons for mixing plant species; the concepts and tools required for understanding and designing cropping systems with mixed species; and the ways of simulating multispecies cropping systems with models. Multispecies systems are diverse and may include annual and perennial crops on a gradient of complexity from 2 to n species. A literature survey shows potential advantages such as (1) higher overall productivity, (2) better control of pests and diseases, (3) enhanced ecological services and (4) greater economic profitability. Agronomic and ecological conceptual frameworks are examined for a clearer understanding of cropping systems, including the concepts of competition and facilitation, above-and belowground interactions and the types of biological interactions between species that enable better pest management in the system. After a review of existing models, future directions in modelling plant mixtures are proposed. We conclude on the need to enhance agricultural research on these multispecies systems, combining both agronomic and ecological concepts and tools. species mixture / plant mixture / cropping system / agroforestry system / agrobiodiversity / resource sharing / crop model / competition / facilitation

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Section: Intercrop and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing Plant Species in Cropping Systems: Concepts, Tools and Models: A Review

Malézieux

Crozat²,

Dupraz³

et al. 2009

Sustainable Agriculture

158

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is important because, just after defoliation or in the early stages of establishment, competition for nutrients and water is likely to be of greater significance than competition for light (Brouwer 1963). Donald (1958) and Rhodes (1968) both recorded root competition effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed size and defoliation at three development stages on root and shoot growth of seedlings of some common pasture species

Evans¹

1973

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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To cite this article: P. S. Evans (1973) Effect of seed size and defoliation at three development stages on root and shoot growth of seedlings of some common pasture species, New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 16:3, 389-394, DOI: 10.1080/00288233.1973 Plants of perennial ryegrass and red clover grown from low-weight seeds were smaller and had shorter root lengths and slower rpot elongation rates than plants from medium-and high-weight seed. Both these species had higher root elongation rates than the smaller-seeded cocksfO'ot and white clover, which in turn had a greater seed size and elongation rate than timothy and brown top. Within the four grasses and twO' clovers, plant size and root length were related to seed size, but the clovers had lower relative values than the grasses.Removal of all laminae resulted in rapid reduction in root elongation followed by gradual recovery in all six species. Recovery was more rapid when plants were defoliated at 8 weeks than at 6 or 10 weeks, and was slowest in browntop and most rapid in white clover, cocksfoot, and perennial ryegrass. The maximum depression of root elongation was greater in the grasses than in the clovers. There was no difference according to the age at which defoliation occurred.The results are discussed in relation to pasture establishment. 389

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“…A interceptação da radiação solar pela folhagem das plantas de porte mais elevado poderá, conforme a intensidade de sombreamento, conduzir a uma condição de não sobrevivência para aqueles vegetais que crescem sob suas copas. Entretanto, a aná-lise precisa da natureza da competição que ocorre nas comunidades vegetais, sob condições naturais,, é difícil de ser investigada, principalmente nos casos em que dois ou mais fatores são envolvidos (4).…”

Section: -Discussãounclassified

Observações sôbre o efeito da luz no crescimento da tiririca, Cyperus rotundus L.

Magalhães

1967

Bragantia

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SINOPSEForam estudados: os efeitos do sombreamento de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.), no campo, com plantas de Canavalia ensiformis D.C.; a ação de luz artificial; o ponto de compensação de luz. o sombreamento reduziu drasticamente a multiplicação dos tubérculos. Plantas mantidas com luminosidade artificial de 15% da radiação solar tiveram o desenvolvimento subterrâneo muito prejudicado. A capacidade vegetativa da tiririca mostrou-se reprimida sòmente com redução acentuada da luminosidade. -INTRODUÇÃOApesar das inúmeras tentativas de controle químico, mecâ-nico, cultural e de outras naturezas (5,8, 12, 14, 15, 16), até o presente as perspectivas para o combate da tiririca não têm sido muito animadoras. Se bem que alguns resultados já foram obtidos com o emprego de herbicidas, sua utilização, em termos econômicos, nem sempre é viável.A investigação dos hábitos e comportamentos peculiares à tiririca, cujo conhecimento é indispensável para o estabelecimento de práticas eficientes de controle, tem sido objeto de várias pesquisas (1,2,6, 7,9, 10,17).Há vários dados experimentais evidenciando que a tiririca é afetada pela falta de luz, ficando prejudicada no seu desenvolvimento quando vegetando em locais insuficientemente iluminados (2, 6, 9, 17).( 1 ) Recebido para publicação em 18 de outubro de 1966.

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The interaction of competition for light and for nutrients

Cited by 245 publications

References 0 publications

Mixing Plant Species in Cropping Systems: Concepts, Tools and Models: A Review

Mixing Plant Species in Cropping Systems: Concepts, Tools and Models: A Review

Effect of seed size and defoliation at three development stages on root and shoot growth of seedlings of some common pasture species

Observações sôbre o efeito da luz no crescimento da tiririca, Cyperus rotundus L.

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