The intake of maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) berry extract normalizes H2O2 and IL-6 concentrations in exhaled breath condensate from healthy smokers - an explorative study

Abstract

BackgroundRespiratory diseases are associated with pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. Though studies in animal models suggest that dietary polyphenols improve lung injury, no intervention studies were carried out in humans. The aim of this study was to determine whether the intake of an anthocyanin-rich maqui extract improved H2O2 and IL-6 concentrations in exhaled breath condensates (EBCs) from asymptomatic smokers.Findings15 asymptomatic smokers with mild cigarette smoking (3 pack-year [2.4 - 7.7]) (mean [CI95%]) were recruited in this exploratory longitudinal study. They ingested 2 g of maqui extract (polyphenol content = 5.18 ± 2.00 g GAE/100 g; FRAP value = 27.1 ± 2.0 mmol Fe++/100 g), twice daily for two weeks. EBCs were collected before and after treatment and the changes in H2O2 and IL-6 concentrations were determined by fluorimetry and Elisa, respectively. The EBC contents of H2O2 and IL-6 H2O2 before and after treatment in smokers were also compared with those determined in single EBC samples from 8 healthy non-smokers subjects. At baseline, the H2O2 concentrations were higher and those of IL-6 lower in the smokers than in the non-smokers. Maqui extract significantly decreased H2O2 (p < 0.0002) and increased IL-6 (p < 0.004) in the EBC from smokers. The EBC concentrations of H2O2 and IL-6 after maqui administration did not differ between smokers and non-smokers.ConclusionsMaqui extract normalizes IL-6 and H2O2 concentrations in EBC from humans with mild smoking habits. If confirmed, these results suggest that dietary polyphenols might be considered as an interesting alternative for the dietary management of respiratory disorders.

Effect of spray drying at 150, 160, and 170 °C on the physical and chemical properties of maqui extract (Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz)

“…Some of the antioxidants found in maqui are anthocyanins, which are responsible for its intense characteristic purple color. Furthermore, their high antioxidant activity is associated with health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiteratogenic, hypoglycemic, and cardioprotective effects (Fredes et al, 2012;Girones-Vilaplana et al, 2014;Daville et al, 2015;Vergara et al, 2015). This is why interest for this berry has grown both nationally and internationally in recent years.…”

Native Chilean Fruits and the Effects of their Functional Compounds on Human Health

“…They are exacerbated by exposure to stress conditions such as ozone, cigarette smoking, air pollutants, and industrial chemicals, among others [84][85][86]. The ROS have a high affinity for organic molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids), causing oxidative stress, damage in biomembranes, and altering body homeostasis [87]. The body counteracts the damage induced by ROS by activating antioxidant systems, which are stable molecules able to donate an electron to the free radical, neutralizing it and reducing ROS damage [88,89].…”

Identification and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci in Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Molina] Stunz) Using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)

“…Maqui fruit has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [ 4 – 6 ] and is characterized by high levels of antioxidant activity due to elevated anthocyanin and polyphenol content [ 4 , 7 – 9 ]. Maqui extracts have applications as food additives and nutraceutics because of the plant’s anthocyanin and polyglycosides content [ 10 , 11 ].…”