The innovative performance of foreign-owned enterprises in small open economies

Abstract

Austria, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Innovation, Multinational enterprises, Foreign-owned enterprises, CIS, O310, F230,

Foreign Subsidiaries and Technology Sourcing in Spain

“…8 Results are shown in Appendix Table 2 and confirm our main results regarding the role of foreign subsidiary status in technology sourcing. However, we find no evidence that companies strongly engaged in applied research tend to be reluctant to engage in cooperation for innovation owing to risks of free-riding (Dachs et al, 2008). In fact, our results indicate a greater propensity to cooperate internationally compared to firms that focus on basic research.…”

“…The number of patents granted to a firm provides some indication of its technological capabilities and is usually accepted as a proxy for innovative activities (Schmiedeberg, 2008). The use of formal means of protection was associated to cooperation in Finland but not in Austria (Dachs et al, 2008). Canadian biotechnology firms that patented more intensively were more likely to tap into global knowledge flows (Gertler and Levitte, 2005).…”

“…For example, Dachs et al (2008) find that Austrian and Finn firms strongly engaged in basic R&D are more likely to cooperate for innovation probably because this exchange of information is far away from immediate application. By contrast, strong engagement in applied research could discourage cooperation, they argue, because knowledge may leak to a rival.…”

Trade Specialisation and Policies to Foster Competition and Innovation in Denmark

“…However, FDI inflows to Denmark have not been very high in recent decades compared to countries like Sweden and Finland that have seen an increase in their stock of FDI as a share of GDP. This is not necessarily a cause for concern, but suggests that Denmark could have benefited more from its external openness insofar as wholly or partially foreign-owned firms are more productive and innovative than the average Danish enterprise (Ebersberger and Lööf, 2005;Dachs et al, 2007;Pedersen, 2011). In 2012, sectors such as retail trade, professional services and construction had much lower shares of foreign-owned companies, than those in manufacturing and transport as well as compared to some of Denmark's Nordic peers.…”

The Effects of FDI on Innovation Systems in Hungarian Regions: Where is the Synergy Generated?

“…One assumes that a wellfunctioning RIS provides proper grounds for synergistic co-operation between co-located organizations, firms, etc. (Cooke-Leydesdorff 2006 Yet, it was repeatedly pointed out that multinational companies can be crucial players in regional systems (Biggiero 2007, Cantwell-Iammarino 1998, Dachs et al 2008, Ferragina-Mazzotta 2014, Majumdar 2009). This is especially the case in Central and Eastern European countries that rely extensively on the performance of such companies (Inzelt 2008, Radosevic 2002.…”