The inhibitory effects of naringin on the growth of periodontal pathogens in vitro

Abstract

Naringin is a flavonoid that is commonly found in grapefruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of naringin on the growth of periodontal pathogens such as A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in vitro. For comparison, the effects of naringin on several oral microbes were also studied. Different concentrations of naringin solution were added to calibrated suspensions of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis. All the suspensions were incubated for 3, 6 and 24 h in an anaerobic chamber at 37 degrees C. At each time point, selected dilutions from each culture broth were plated on blood agar plates. Colonies recovered on blood agar were visually counted on days 3 and 5, respectively. A. actinomycetemcomitans showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in viable counts after 3 h when naringin was added at baseline. P. gingivalis also showed a marked growth reduction in the presence of naringin, and no colony forming units could be observed after 24 h. Naringin also had an inhibitory effect against all bacteria and yeasts tested. The results suggest that naringin possesses significant antimicrobial properties on periodontal pathogens in vitro. It also has an inhibitory effect on some common oral microorganisms in low concentrations.

Antimicrobial activity of apitoxin, melittin and phospholipase A2 of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom against oral pathogens

“…Several antimicrobials, such as ampicillin, chlorhexidine, sanguinarine, metronidazole, phenolic antiseptics, and quaternary ammonium antiseptics, among others, effectively prevent dental caries (Chung et al 2006, Tsui et al 2008). However, various adverse effects such as tooth and restoration staining, increased calculus formation, diarrhea, and disarrangements of the oral and intestinal flora have been associated with the use of these chemicals (Chung et al 2006, More et al 2008.…”

Traditional Medicinal Plant Extracts and Natural Products with Activity against Oral Bacteria: Potential Application in the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Diseases

“…Naringin, a polymethoxylated flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit and an FDA-approved health supplement, was shown to inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens and other common oral microorganisms (9.8–125 mg mL −1 ) [56]. Using time-kill assays, naringin was shown to be particularly effective against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis with significant growth inhibition within 3 h and greater inhibition with increasing incubation time and naringin concentration.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis against Oral Pathogens: Relevance of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol

“…This disease has been associated with Streptococcus spp., mainly Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus [3] [4]. Several antimicrobial substances, such as ampicillin, chlorhexidine, sanguinarine, metronidazole, and phenolic and quaternary ammonium antiseptics, have been very effective in preventing dental caries [3] [5]. However, various adverse effects such as tooth and restoration staining, increase of calculus formation, diarrhea, and disarrangements of the oral and intestinal flora have been associated with the use of such compounds [3] [6].…”