The Infrared Spectra of Coals, 1980–1986

Gaines, Alec F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3045-2_9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The FTIR spectrum revealed that Himmetoǧlu oil shale was a highly humic material. Major (2926 and 2850 cm -1 ) and additional aliphatic bands (1452 and 1372 cm -1 ) of CH 3 and CH 2 in the form of distinct peaks with comparatively higher intensities than coals, a relatively broad aromatic band at 1625 cm -1 , and succesive aromatic bands between 850 and 675 cm -1 were the particular evidence of the organic matter in the sample. The presence of a significant number of strong and broad functional bands corresponding to hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups also indicate the humic nature of the sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The presence of a significant number of strong and broad functional bands corresponding to hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups also indicate the humic nature of the sample. An extremely broad and intense OH band (3422 cm -1 ) and the relatively broad and strong form of the typical carboxyl and carbonyl bands (1710 and 1625 cm -1 ) indicate that the humic content of the oil-shale sample was higher than that in immature coals. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Beneficiation of Himmetoǧlu Oil Shale by Flotation as a Solid Fuel Substitute. Part 1. Materials Characteristics and Flotation Behavior

et al. 2005

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In this study, the processing of Himmetoǧlu oil shale from Bolu, Turkey, by flotation techniques was investigated for the possibility of achieving a clean solid-fuel substitute. The surface characteristics and mineral content of Himmetoǧlu oil shale were determined using mineralogical, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The flotation response of the sample was tested with several nonionizing collectors and a variety of ionizing collectors belonging to both cationic and anionic groups. The effects of collector dosage and pulp pH on the effectiveness of flotation were also determined. XRD analysis showed that majority of incombustible matter in the sample was carbonate, silicate, and sulfide minerals. FTIR spectrum exhibited significantly strong absorption bands from the organic and oxygen-rich functional groups, revealing the organic-rich and highly humic character of Himmetoǧlu oil shale. Flotation experiments showed that Himmetoǧlu oil shale had a hydrophillic nature and extremely poor flotability because of its humic character. Effective means of ash rejection with an acceptable extent of combustible recovery was achieved by reverse flotation, where mineral matter was selectively removed by amine acetates through reverse flotation. Among the amine acetates used, the most favorable cleaning was obtained in the presence of Flotigam CA at natural pulp pH, where the ash yield of Himmetoǧlu oil shale was reduced from 34.76 to 23.52% with a high combustible recovery of 83.57%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Beneficiation of Himmetoǧlu Oil Shale by Flotation as a Solid Fuel Substitute. Part 1. Materials Characteristics and Flotation Behavior

et al. 2005

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Solvent Properties and Spectroscopic Properties

Speight¹

2015

Handbook of Coal Analysis

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Challenges related to flotation cleaning of oil shales. Issues due to compositional and surface features and post-grinding surface behavior

Altun

2016

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract.Oil shale is an important energy resource alternative. Despite its recognition as an unconventional oil source, oil shale is also considered as an important solid fossil fuel alternative to coal and lignites due to the solid form and remarkable extent of organic content. Utilization possibilites, similar to coal and lignites, have been considered in the past decades and direct use of oil shales in thermal power production has been possible in countries like Estonia and China. In the perspective of utilization of oil shales in a similar manner to coal and lignites, problems and restrictions related to the inorganic ash-making and potentially pollutant constituents are applied. In this respect, cleaning of this important energy source through mineral processing methods, particularly by flotation, is an outstanding option. However, on the basis of unique features and distinctive characteristics, treatment of oil shales like a type of coal is a big perception and may be highly misleading. This paper discusses specific challenges regarding flotation behavior of oil shales with reference to the surface characteristics and behavior of oil shale entities -probably the most important aspect that determines the efficiency and success of the flotation based cleaning process.

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The Infrared Spectra of Coals, 1980–1986

Cited by 4 publications

References 113 publications

Beneficiation of Himmetoǧlu Oil Shale by Flotation as a Solid Fuel Substitute. Part 1. Materials Characteristics and Flotation Behavior

Beneficiation of Himmetoǧlu Oil Shale by Flotation as a Solid Fuel Substitute. Part 1. Materials Characteristics and Flotation Behavior

Solvent Properties and Spectroscopic Properties

Challenges related to flotation cleaning of oil shales. Issues due to compositional and surface features and post-grinding surface behavior

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