The Infraorbital Foramen in a Sample of the Lebanese Population: A Radiographic Study

Sokhn, Saydé; Challita, Ronald; Challita, Anthony; Challita, Raymond

doi:10.7759/cureus.6381

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The presence of an AIOF and the accessory branch of the infraorbital nerve raises a mark of caution to both the surgeons and anesthetists as an injury to this branch during surgical maneuvering in the maxillofacial region can result in a sensory deficit and when administering the infraorbital nerve block it may result in insufficient anaesthesia in the region. Double and triple IOF, or accessory foramina were not encountered in the present study, although an occurrence as 2.2-18.2 and 0.5-1.28 %, respectively, has been reported in several previous studies (Leo et al;Aziz et al, 2000;Apinhasmit et al;Boopathi et al;Ilayperuma et al;Elsheikh et al;Dagistan et al;Potu et al;Sokhn et al).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…The IOF may have an accessory foramen by its side, which may be single or multiple. The occurrence of multiple/ accessory infraorbital foramina (AIOF) is extensively reported in the literature (Apinhasmit et al, 2006;Boopathi et al;Ilayperuma et al;Elsheikh et al;Dagistan et al;Potu et al;Sokhn et al). As early as in 1875 Gruber reported that the number of accessory IOF may vary from 1 to 5 (Leo et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple studies carried out using dry skulls have demonstrated that the dimensions and relative positions of the IOF vary between different populations and sex (Apinhasmit et al, 2006;Boopathi et al, 2010;Elsheikh et al, 2013;Potu et al, 2019). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has also been considered in previous research to ascertain the same (Dagistan et al, 2017;Bahsi et al, 2019;Sokhn et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Adults

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Adults

et al. 2021

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“…These groups showed 2 different types of IOF; in an African American population, the IOF was smaller and existed more laterally than Caucasian. Sokhn et al 30 had a study in 105 Lebanese adult patients to define the shape of IOF, the presence of accessory foramina, and the localization of IOF. According to this study, 54.8% of the IOF were circular, and this circular shape was the most common in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmetric Variants of Anatolian Crania: A Preliminary Study

Elbizim

Ortuğ

Liman

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Analysis of nonmetric cranial variants has been essential for identifying the human population through osteologic analysis and genetic affinities. This study aimed to examine the nonmetric cranial variants to evaluate differences among sex and side correlations in Anatolian dry skulls. This study was carried out on 50 Anatolian adult dry human skulls (22 males, 28 females) with suitable features (nonfractured and/or with necessary features) out of a total of 97 dry skulls. After sex analysis, each skull was photographed from the norma frontalis, lateralis, inferior, and superior. Eleven nonmetrical cranial variants were investigated. The cranial variants and side incidences were analyzed to determine their sex differences and interside correlations. After the classification, traits were marked as "present" or "absent" on the charts. Some variants in female crania were seen more frequently than in males. Most of the variants such as the supraorbital notch, infraorbital and zygomaticofacial foramen, showed high correlations between the right and left sides. Overall, there were no statistically significant sex or side differences found in the Anatolian crania.

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“…The infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an opening in the maxillary located below the infraorbital margin and is the outer end of the infraorbital canal. It gives passage to the artery, the vein, and to the infra-orbital nerve [ 1 ]. The infraorbital nerve follows the maxillary nerve and originates at the infraorbital foramen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of infraorbital foramen position using computed tomography (CT)-scan in a cohort of Cameroonian adults: landmarks in facial surgery and anesthesiology

Akaba¹,

Ebogo²,

Amougou³

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is a hole located in the maxillary bone and delivering passage to the infra orbital vascular-nervous bundle. It is an essential structure in the management of orofacial pathologies. Its precise location allows optimal anesthesia of the infraorbital nerve during cleft lip and palate surgery or alcoholization during the management of essential V2 neuralgia. The aim of our research was to determine the morphology and morphometry of the infraorbital foramen in a sample of the Cameroonian population. Methods we included 208 CT-scans of patients meeting our search criteria. We determined the shape of the IOF and evaluated the transverse and vertical diameters of the IOF. We assessed the distance of the IOF from the maxillary alveolar crest and the infraorbital margin. The Student test was used to determine the association between different variables. The P-value of 0.05 was considered significant and the confidence interval was 95%. Results male subjects represented 52.4% (n=109) of our participants and the mean age of our population was 26 years ± 7.3. The mean transverse diameter of the left IOF was 1.97 mm ± 0.51 while 1.78 mm ± 0.53. The IOF was more often medial to the lateral palpebral commissure-nasal wing line on the left and right (78.8% and 72.6%, respectively). Our sample showed that in 54.6% (n=113) of subjects, the IOF was oval on the left side, whereas on the right side, the IOF was oval in 52.3% (n=109) of patients. Conclusion our study showed that to locate the IOF in a Cameroonian individual, one must palpate the vestibular mucosa opposite the maxillary first molar. Then, one must follow the line passing over this tooth, the IOF is located at about 7 mm from the infra-orbital border and 16 mm from the lateral nasal wall. We have shown that the IOF is located medial to the line connecting the nasal wing to the external palpebral commissure.

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The Infraorbital Foramen in a Sample of the Lebanese Population: A Radiographic Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Morphometric Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Adults

Morphometric Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Adults

Nonmetric Variants of Anatolian Crania: A Preliminary Study

Assessment of infraorbital foramen position using computed tomography (CT)-scan in a cohort of Cameroonian adults: landmarks in facial surgery and anesthesiology

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