The Information and Communication Technologies in the Risk Management of Social and Environmental Disasters

Abstract

The text aims to address the issue of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in disaster risk management (DRM) models. It is based on the different forms of understanding and representation of time in management models. As a result of the literature review, it is argued that the communication flows in the DRM may have three cognitive characters ICTs: a) multisignified; b) multidirectional and multilevel; c) multidimensional. The literature review, used as the main method to develop this argument, structured the text into four main parts: 1) Disaster management models; 2) Use of ICTs in DRM; 3) Communication flow; 4) Final considerations.

Five Years Later: Assessing the Implementation of the Four Priorities of the Sendai Framework for Inclusion of People with Disabilities

“…Information and communication technologies in disaster management are strongly emphasized in the SFDRR, notably the importance of these technologies in understanding the risks (Ludwig and Mattedi 2018). To ensure proper use and accessibility, policies and procedures should consider the needs of different categories of users and receivers (UNISDR 2015).…”

Assessment of the adequacy of mobile applications for disaster reduction

“…2 DRM Stages. Preparedness by the authors and adapted from (Arce et al, 2012 ; Coppola, 2011 ; Foresti, 2015 ; Ludwig & MATTEDI, 2018 ; Uitto & Shaw, 2016 ) …”

“…In the last decade, research on the potential of ICTs in DRM has been carried out (Cioca et al, 2009 ; Ludwig & MATTEDI, 2018 ; Reddick, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2016 ), covering a wide range of uses, such as SMS (Cioca et al, 2009 ; Homier et al, 2018 ), television broadcast (Grassau et al, 2019 ; Segura et al, 2015 ; Wahyu et al, 2012 ), radio (Cardoso et al, 2014 ), social network (Doktor & Giroux, 2011 ; Dunn Cavelty & Giroux, 2011 ; Norris, 2017 ; Peterson et al, 2019 ; Rogstadius et al, 2011 ), e.g. Twitter (Hong et al, 2017 ; Layek et al, 2018 ; Peterson et al, 2019 ), as well as digital applications (Bachmann et al, 2015 ; Park, 2017 ; Verrucci et al, 2016 ), and the internet (Bachmann et al, 2015 ; Webb et al, 2010 ).…”

“…This facilitates the understanding of disasters as integrated processes in which the stages that occur in the pre-disaster period are linked to those of the post-disaster period. The spiral feature of the model highlights the upgrade in resilience with each passing cycle (Foresti, 2015 ; Ludwig & MATTEDI, 2018 ).…”

Potencial de SIG participativos na Gestão de Riscos de Desastres e Emergências em Saúde

“…Existem aqueles tradicionais, que pressupõem uma concepção linear, na qual a temporalidade implica a impossibilidade de retorno às condições iniciais, em um processo unidirecional, que parte do passado para o futuro 2, 3 . Há modelos que pressupõem uma concepção circular do tempo, em que as fases da GRD se apresentam como processos integrados e interdependentes: as etapas que ocorrem no período anterior ao desastre influenciam aquelas que ocorrem pós-desastre; e estas últimas influenciam as etapas anteriores, na medida em que geram novas vulnerabilidades e exacerbam ou reduzem vulnerabilidades existentes 3,4 . Inclusive, os modelos circulares de GRD têm sido discutidos pela Defesa Civil brasileira 5 , especialmente após o desastre da Região Serrana de 2011, quando uma mudança na legislação sobre o tema teve impulso no País 6 .…”