The influence of urban land-use on non-motorised transport casualties

Wedagama, Dewa Made Priyantha; Bird, Roger; Metcalfe, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2006.01.006

Cited by 80 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As expected, junction density is positively correlated with the crash frequency [β=0.174, p<0.01] at the 5% significance level. Consistent with previous studies by PRIYANTHA WEDAGAMA et al [12] and XU and HUANG [13], our results show that the increased junction density is significantly associated with a higher total crash frequency. This finding is reasonable because intersections are hazardous locations due to the number of potential conflict points and unexpected driver behavior.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 95%

Role of street patterns in zone-based traffic safety analysis

Guo

Pei

Yao

et al. 2015

J. Cent. South Univ.

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Although extensive analyses of road segments and intersections located in urban road networks have examined the role of many factors that contribute to the frequency and severity of crashes, the explicit relationship between street pattern characteristics and traffic safety remains underexplored. Based on a zone-based Hong Kong database, the Space Syntax was used to quantify the topological characteristics of street patterns and investigate the role of street patterns and zone-related factors in zone-based traffic safety analysis. A joint probability model was adopted to analyze crash frequency and severity in an integrated modeling framework and the maximum likelihood estimation method was used to estimate the parameters. In addition to the characteristics of street patterns, speed, road geometry, land-use patterns, and temporal factors were considered. The vehicle hours was also included as an exposure proxy in the model to make crash frequency predictions. The results indicate that the joint probability model can reveal the relationship between zone-based traffic safety and various other factors, and that street pattern characteristics play an important role in crash frequency prediction.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 95%

Role of street patterns in zone-based traffic safety analysis

Guo

Pei

Yao

et al. 2015

J. Cent. South Univ.

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“…De facto, estes valores estão em linha com os efeitos apontados noutros estudos de modelos de resposta quantitativa (Mountain, et al, 1996 Greibe, 2003, Wedagama, et al, 2006, Wier, et al, 2009) e com os resultados obtidos por um modelo BN aplicado à mesma base de dados (Ferreira, 2010, Ferreira e Couto, 2011. O efeito da tendência temporal é negativo nas duas últimas categorias (1 e 2) e, portanto, aponta para uma diminuição anual de frequência de acidentes em segmentos com maior número de acidentes.…”

Section: Resultados Do Modelounclassified

“…De forma a incluir uma caracterização não só funcional e geométrica dos segmentos mas também da envolvente ao mesmo, incluiu-se ainda como variáveis independentes, a classificação hierárquica das vias e a ocupação do solo. Estas variáveis, e em particular, a ocupação do solo, têm sido extensivamente estudadas como variável independente (Ivan, et al, 2000, Greibe, 2003, Wedagama, et al, 2006, Dissanayake, et al, 2009. De facto, as principais decisões na fase de planeamento do meio urbano compreendem a definição da distribuição da ocupação do solo e da função hierárquica das vias.…”

Section: Dados E Metodologiaunclassified

“…Comparando estes valores com os resultados de outros estudos baseados em modelos de resposta quantitativa, geralmente modelos lineares generalizados (Mountain, et al, 1996, Karlaftis e Tarko, 1997, Mountain, et al, 1998, Ivan, et al, 2000, Greibe, 2003, Wedagama, et al, 2006, Wier, et al, 2009, bem como com os resultados de um modelo de resposta quantitativa aplicado à mesma base de dados (Ferreira, 2010, Ferreira e Couto, 2011, verifica-se que os valores estimados são consistentes na medida em que apontam para o mesmo tipo de efeitos. Neste estudo, e com o objetivo de facilitar a interpretação das consequências resultantes de alterações das variáveis independentes, bem como comparar os resultados do MOP com um modelo de resposta quantitativa (modelo binomial negativo), apresenta-se ainda os resultados dos dois modelos aplicados a cenários hipotéticos de três segmentos viários.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação da segurança rodoviária em fase de planeamento: modelo estatístico de resposta qualitativa

Ferreira

Couto

2012

Transportes

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Abstract:This study proposes the use of a qualitative response model to analyze safety of an urban road network at the planning level. Taking into account the poor data available at planning level and the general scope of analysis that features this level, the quantitative response models may not be the most appropriate. Thus, using data from Porto, an ordered probit model was developed using three categories illustrating degrees of unsafety as the dependent variable. The parameter estimates were statistically significant and the marginal effects were in line with expectations. Therefore, segments classified as local distributor and located at low density of buildings or community building zones are associated to low accident risk probability. In order to better analyze the effects o the segment features and also to compare this model with the negative binomial model, both were applied to several scenarios of a segment. The probabilities associated to each category allow to performing a risk analysis from which various solutions defined at planning level are compared.Keywords: road accidents, qualitative response model, ordered probit model, negative binomial model, urban road network, planning level.

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“…However, different individual daily trips and land use are examined in numerous crash investigations. Wedagama et al [8] found that residential population density, manufacturing, retail trade and services industries were positively related to the number of road traffic crashes. Kim and Yamashita [41] observed that areas with mixed residential and commercial land use have a higher frequency of crashes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Macro-Level Safety Performance Functions in the City of Naples

et al. 2019

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This paper presents macro-level safety performance functions and aims to provide empirical tools for planners and engineers to conduct proactive analyses, promote more sustainable development patterns, and reduce road crashes. In the past decade, several studies have been conducted for crash modeling at a macro-level, yet in Italy, macro-level safety performance functions have neither been calibrated nor used, until now. Therefore, for Italy to be able to fully benefit from applying these models, it is necessary to calibrate the models to local conditions. Generalized linear modelling techniques were used to fit the models, and a negative binomial distribution error structure was assumed. The study used a sample of 15,254 crashes which occurred in the period of 2009–2011 in Naples, Italy. Four traffic analysis zones (TAZ) levels were used, as one of the aims of this paper is to check the extent to which these zoning levels help in addressing the issue. The models were developed by the stepwise forward procedure using explanatory Socio-Demographic (S-D), Transportation Demand Management (TDM), and Exposure variables. The most significant variables were: children and young people placed in re-education projects, population, population aged 65 and above, population aged 25 to 44, male population, total vehicle kilometers traveled, average congestion level, average speed, number of trips originating in the TAZ, number of trips ending in the TAZ, number of total trips and, number of bus stops served per hour. An important result of the study is that children and young people placed in re-education projects negatively affects the frequency of crashes, i.e., it has a positive safety effect. This demonstrates the effectiveness of education projects, especially on children from disadvantaged neighbourhoods.

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The influence of urban land-use on non-motorised transport casualties

Cited by 80 publications

References 11 publications

Role of street patterns in zone-based traffic safety analysis

Role of street patterns in zone-based traffic safety analysis

Avaliação da segurança rodoviária em fase de planeamento: modelo estatístico de resposta qualitativa

Development of Macro-Level Safety Performance Functions in the City of Naples

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