The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels and periodontal parameters: A study in an Indian population

Abstract

Objective:Although many studies reported more severe periodontal disease and the existing proinflammatory conditions in patients with diabetes but only few have examined the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) level and other periodontal parameters. This study aims to evaluate the effect of type 2 DM on salivary MMP-8 levels and periodontal parameters, which might be useful in monitoring periodontal disease in diabetes.Materials and Methods:A total of 90 subjects were selected for the study and were divided into three groups: Group I included 30 healthy subjects; Group II included 30 subjects without type 2 DM but with chronic periodontitis, and Group III included 30 subjects with type 2 DM and chronic periodontitis. Periodontal parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were taken. The salivary MMP-8 level was estimated by Quantikine Human total MMP-8 immunoassay kit using ELISA method.Results:The mean value of the salivary MMP-8 of Group III was highest followed by Group II and Group I, the least. The other periodontal parameters PI, GI, PPD, CAL, was comparatively highest for Group III.Conclusion:This study suggests that diabetes is associated with an increased prevalence, extent, and severity of periodontitis. Furthermore, the increased levels of MMP-8 indicate the influence of diabetes on their salivary concentration.

Periodontal health status and implication of periodic acid–Schiff diastase - a key in exfoliative cytology among diabetics mellitus patients: A case–control study

“…In our study, periodontal status was recorded using CPI, following which oral exfoliative cytology Our study showed that diabetes patients had a significant higher CPI score and loss of attachment than control group which was similar to results obtained by Kim et al, [14] Radhika and Ranganathan, [15] Popławska-Kita et al, [16] Das et al, [17] Prakash et al, [18] and Gupta et al [19] in their studies. This higher CPI clearly denotes that they have a higher incidence of periodontitis, probably because there is alteration in chemotaxis of neutrophils and, moreover, diabetics have compromised local immunity which aggravated the periodontal damage.…”

The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels

“…We found that MMP-8 increases in patients who are diabetic as compared to control which is in accordance with the study of Kumar et al (28) who reported a significant increase in gingival tissue MMP 8 level in diabetic patients having chronic periodontitis as compared to controls. Another study by Gupta et al (29) also reported a rise in salivary MMP-8 levels as compared to nondiabetic controls. In our study, MMP-8 was also elevated in smokers with chronic periodontitis as compared to the control, which is consistent with the finding of Liu et al (30) who investigated MMP-8 expression by immunofluorescence staining in periodontal tissue samples of smokers and nonsmokers.…”

Modulating toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory responses following exposure of whole cell and lipopolysaccharide component from Porphyromonas gingivalis in wistar rat models

“…In previous experimental study, following these periodontal pathogen exposure, the absence of TLR2 had been accompanied by increased mortality, although the precise mechanisms of TLR2 involvement in host defense have not been identified. [ 17 18 19 ] Activation of proinflammatory cytokine, release of huge numbers of leukocyte migration, and direct antimicrobial action of innate immunity induced by TLRs may play a major role of massive dilatation of blood vessel,[ 20 ] increased level of reactive oxygen species,[ 21 ] and end with damage to host cells. [ 22 ]…”