The Influence of Thrust Force on the Vitality of Bone Chips Harvested for Autologous Augmentation during Dental Implantation

Abstract

Bone drill chips that are collected during implant site preparation can be reused as autologous bone-grafting material for alveolar ridge augmentation. This study characterized five market-leading implant drill sets regarding their geometric properties and ability to produce vital bone chips. The drill geometry of each tool of five commercial implant drill sets was characterized while using optical profile projector devices and SEM. Bone chips were collected during the in vitro preparation of porcine jaw bone with the various drill sets. Produced bone chip masses were measured. The bone chips were cultured in vitro and the number of outgrown cells was determined and measurand for vitality. Furthermore, the thrust force and cutting torque were recorded to examine the mechanical loads of the manual drilling process. The tool geometry and set configuration of one out of five implant drill sets appears to be superior regarding chip mass, vitality, and thrust force. It could be proven that there is a correlation between vitality and thrust force. The thrust force is influenced by the cutting behavior of the tool, which in turn depends on the geometry of the tool. The tool geometry has an influence on the vitality of the augmentation material due to this relationship.

Heat Generation and Temperature Control during Bone Drilling for Orthodontic Mini-Implants: An In Vitro Study

“…Another relative limitation is that the exact drilling time was not considered, while it obviously appears in the literature as a factor [21,[44][45][46][47]. However, the results suggest that within the short timeframe we used (no drilling lasted more than 10 s), time was not a clinically significant factor (there was only one instance in only one group when the temperature increment exceeded the generally accepted safety limit).…”

Immediate Autogenous Bone Transplantation Using a Novel Kinetic Bioactive Screw 3D Design as a Dental Implant

“…Osseous coagulum and bone blends are the types of autogenous grafts that are performed by BKS; in the experiment performed here, in synthetic bone, only the dried bone was grafted into the alveolus and stabilized by the BKS's screwing properties into the bone bed site. Especially in cases of recent dental extractions, with or without immediate rehabilitation with implants, the use of bone grafts is common and necessary to correct the bone defect or quality present, increasing the success rate of osseointegration, as well as solving the aesthetic and functional problems for future placement of a prosthesis [2,4,14].…”

“…Whatever the method applied, the association between the autogenous bone, BMP, and stem cells increases the chances of success in bone grafts [2,6]. The new BKS device can be used not only for bone transplantation in dental implants but also to obtain bone grafting to fill bone defects, where the amount of bone needed is close to the volume collected by this innovative device, or its content will be used to transport cells and molecules that are associated, which will make other types of biomaterials for transplants bioactive [2,6,14,20].…”

“…There are two types of scaffolds: natural, such as in skin, collagen and elastin (structural proteins), fibronectin and laminin (adhesive proteins), and proteoglycans mostly glycosaminoglycans (core proteins); in bone, collagen and hydroxyapatite (structural proteins and minerals); and synthetic scaffolds, ceramic and metal-based, responsible for vascular ingrowth and promoting bone repair (osteoconduction) [14,15,17].…”

An Experimental Method to Determine the Interstitial Splitting Forces and Thermal Load Input Induced by Self-Tapping and Self-Drilling Bone Screws: A Pilot Study

“…It has long been known that when a certain threshold temperature is exceeded over a certain period of time, osteonecrosis [16] is induced or regeneration is delayed [17]. For this reason, drilling with external coolant [18] or low rotational speeds is usually used to reduce the thermally induced stress [19,20]. Löhr et al [21] and also Baumgart et al [22] investigated the mechanical and thermal stress input of self-tapping and self-drilling screws at an early stage.…”