The influence of the enriched environment in different periods on neonatal maternal separation-induced visceral pain, anxiousness, and depressive behaviors

Ji, Ningfei; Jiang, Hong; Xia, Ming

doi:10.21037/tp-22-475

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…There are wide variations in the implementation of these NMS protocols in the literature, including different separation times (3 h to 6 h), life periods of separation (from P1–16 to P1-P21), different methods of separation (all the litters together, litters individually separated, or in different rooms), and different growing environments. 40 In our C. rodentium PI-IBS model, 5 days of treatment with pasteurized A. muciniphila corrected the anxiety-like behavior induced, as assessed by the EPM reference test, and confirmed by a second anxiety-like behavior test, the hole board test. Other cognitive-related behavioral tests were also performed and evidenced a beneficial effect of pasteurized A. muciniphila on episodic memory, as assessed by the novel object recognition (NOR) and the novel location recognition (NLR) tests, but treatment did not prevent spatial working memory loss, an index of short-term memory-loss, in C. rodentium- infected mice.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila improves irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms and related behavioral disorders in mice

Meynier,

Daugey,

Mallaret

et al. 2024

Gut Microbes

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Gut – brain communications disorders in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are associated with intestinal microbiota composition, increased gut permeability, and psychosocial disturbances. Symptoms of IBS are difficult to medicate, and hence much research is being made into alternative approaches. This study assesses the potential of a treatment with pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila for alleviating IBS-like symptoms in two mouse models of IBS with different etiologies. Two clinically relevant animal models were used to mimic IBS-like symptoms in C57BL6/J mice: the neonatal maternal separation (NMS) paradigm and the Citrobacter rodentium infection model. In both models, gut permeability, colonic sensitivity, fecal microbiota composition and colonic IL-22 expression were evaluated. The cognitive performance and emotional state of the animals were also assessed by several tests in the C. rodentium infection model. The neuromodulation ability of pasteurized A. muciniphila was assessed on primary neuronal cells from mice dorsal root ganglia using a ratiometric calcium imaging approach. The administration of pasteurized A. muciniphila significantly reduced colonic hypersensitivity in both IBS mouse models, accompanied by a reinforcement of the intestinal barrier function. Beneficial effects of pasteurized A. muciniphila treatment have also been observed on anxiety-like behavior and memory defects in the C. rodentium infection model. Finally, a neuroinhibitory effect exerted by pasteurized A. muciniphila was observed on neuronal cells stimulated with two algogenic substances such as capsaicin and inflammatory soup. Our findings demonstrate novel anti-hyperalgesic and neuroinhibitory properties of pasteurized A. muciniphila, which therefore may have beneficial effects in relieving pain and anxiety in subjects with IBS.

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Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila improves irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms and related behavioral disorders in mice

Meynier,

Daugey,

Mallaret

et al. 2024

Gut Microbes

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“…Voluntary wheel running reportedly improves both physical and behavioral abnormalities in induced models of IC (179-182), as does EE in models of visceral pain after ELA (183)(184)(185)(186). For example, maternal separation for six hours each day from postnatal day 1-21 resulted in visceral pain, anxiety, and depression in adult male C57BL/6J mice, which was effectively prevented by EE interventions in prepuberty and puberty (183). Environmental enrichment was more effective in male mice, whereas longer exposure to EE was required in female mice to demonstrate positive effects (184).…”

Section: Palliating Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial cystitis—an imbalance of risk and protective factors?

Westropp,

Stella,

Buffington

2024

Front. Pain Res.

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Interstitial cystitis (IC) presents as a chronic pain condition with variable combinations of symptoms depending on the species and individual patient. It is diagnosed by the presence of lower urinary tract signs and symptoms in combination with a variety of comorbid health problems, a history of life adversities, and the absence of other conditions that could cause the lower urinary tract signs. IC occurs naturally in humans and cats as a dimensional condition, with patients presenting with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Most patients appear to recover without specific treatment. A number of rodent models of IC have been used to study its causes and treatments. Unfortunately, current therapies generally fail to ameliorate IC symptoms long-term. The recent classification of IC as a chronic primary pain disorder calls for a rethinking of current clinical and research approaches to it. Beginning when a patient encounters a clinician, precipitating, perpetuating, and palliating risk factors can be addressed until a cause or reliably effective therapy is identified, and identifying predisposing and preventive factors can inform epidemiological studies and health promotion interventions. Predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating risk factors, including environmental, psychological, and biological, increase the activity of the central threat response system (CTRS), which plays a clinically important role in IC symptoms. Studies in cats and rodent models have revealed that environmental enrichment (EE), in the absence of bladder-directed therapies, leads to amelioration of IC symptoms, implying a central role for the CTRS in symptom precipitation and perpetuation. Conceptually moving the source of IC pain to the brain as a motivational state rather than one resulting from peripheral nociceptive input offers both clinicians and researchers novel opportunities to improve care for patients with IC and for researchers to use more ecologically valid rodent models. It may even be that IC results from an excess of risk to protective factors, making this imbalance a targetable cause rather than a consequence of IC.

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“…This refers to emotional (impulsive behavior, anxiety and depressive disorders), cognitive (Alzheimer’s disease), motor (Parkinson’s disease) and other brain activities. Animal experiments have shown a protective and preventive effect of EE on the development of anxiety-depressive and cognitive disorders ( Laviola et al, 2008 ; Hannan, 2014 ; Guan et al, 2021 ; Ji et al, 2022 ; Xu et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ) caused by prenatal and neonatal stressors (e.g., bacterial intoxication, maternal separation, etc.). EE also counteracts the development of negative consequences of severe stress like post-traumatic stress disorder ( Imanaka et al, 2006 ; Smail et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

Grigoryan

2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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In this review, a hypothesis is proposed to explain the beneficial effect of an enriched environment (EE) on the conditioned fear reaction (CFR) from the perspective of a functional system of behavioral control. According to the hypothesis, the EE affects all behavioral act components, including the processing of sensory information, memory, motivational and reinforcing systems, and motor activities, which weakens the CFR. Animals raised in the EE have effects that are comparable to those of context (CTX) and CS pre-exposures at latent inhibition. An abundance of stimuli in the EE and constant contact with them provide the formation of CS-noUS and CTX-noUS connections that later, during CFR learning, slow down and diminish fear. The EE also contributes to faster processing of information and habituation to it. As a result, many stimuli in the context lose their significance, and subjects simply ignore them. And finally, the EE affects the motivational and reinforcing brain mechanisms, induces an impairment of search activity, and worsens memory consolidation, which leads to a reduction of CFR.

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The influence of the enriched environment in different periods on neonatal maternal separation-induced visceral pain, anxiousness, and depressive behaviors

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila improves irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms and related behavioral disorders in mice

Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila improves irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms and related behavioral disorders in mice

Interstitial cystitis—an imbalance of risk and protective factors?

The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

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