Interstitial cystitis—an imbalance of risk and protective factors?
Jodi L. Westropp,
Judith L. Stella,
C. A. Tony Buffington
Abstract:Interstitial cystitis (IC) presents as a chronic pain condition with variable combinations of symptoms depending on the species and individual patient. It is diagnosed by the presence of lower urinary tract signs and symptoms in combination with a variety of comorbid health problems, a history of life adversities, and the absence of other conditions that could cause the lower urinary tract signs. IC occurs naturally in humans and cats as a dimensional condition, with patients presenting with mild, moderate, an… Show more
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