“…TPACK comprises two items (Barišić, Divjak, & Kirinić, 2017;Castéra et al, 2020;Habibi et al, 2020;Schmid, Brianza, & Petko, 2020). The creativity construct consists of four indicators: creative thinking, creative mindset, creative teaching, and creative learning, each of which has two items (Chao et al, 2010;Karwowski, 2014;Kumar, Kemmler, & Holman, 1997;Vasudevan, 2013). The ICT integration construct is made up of three indicators: learning preparation, learning process, and learning evaluation-based ICT, each of which contains two items (Habibi et al, 2020;Hsu, 2017;Türel, Özdemir, & Varol, 2017).…”