The influence of subcutaneous fat on the relationship between body composition and ultrasound-derived muscle quality

Ryan, Eric D.; Shea, Nicholas W.; Gerstner, Gena R.; Barnette, Timothy J.; Tweedell, Andrew J.; Kleinberg, Craig R.

doi:10.1139/apnm-2016-0238

Cited by 44 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We treated the BR stage, age, body weight, serum albumin level, mean blood pressure, and number of medications as covariates based on bivariate regression analyses. We also treated subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness and time since stroke as covariates because these factors are associated with MT and EI [2,32]. All tests were performed at a significance level of p < 0.05.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness with Motor Paralysis and Muscle Echo Intensity in Post-Stroke Patients

Maeda

Imada²,

Ishida

et al. 2019

Eur Neurol

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Introduction: Quadriceps muscle atrophy and quality loss, defined as an increased ratio of intramuscular fat and/or connective tissue, are often observed especially in the paretic limb of post-stroke patients. This study was performed to examine the relationship of quadriceps muscle thickness (MT) with muscle echo intensity (EI) and the severity of motor paralysis after stroke. Methods: Thirty-six hemiparetic subacute post-stroke patients were enrolled. We examined the MT (index of muscle quantity) and the EI (index of muscle quality) at the anterior mid-thigh in both limbs. We also assessed the Brunnstrom stage (BR stage), subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, time since stroke, age, body weight, sex, number of medications, and nutritional and inflammation status. Results: The MT in the paretic limb was explained by the BR stage (β = –0.26, p < 0.01), body weight (β = 0.68, p < 0.01), and serum albumin (β = 0.34, p < 0.01), with an adjusted R² of 0.81. The MT in the non-paretic limb was explained by the muscle EI (β = –0.55, p < 0.01) and age (β = –0.40, p < 0.01), with an adjusted R² of 0.69. The muscle EI was explained by the MT in the paretic limb (β = –0.34, p < 0.01) and non-paretic limb (β = –0.69, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results suggest that motor paralysis, aging, and malnutrition contribute to quadriceps atrophy in post-stroke patients. Moreover, a potential countermeasure to diminish muscle quality loss is maintenance of muscle quantity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness with Motor Paralysis and Muscle Echo Intensity in Post-Stroke Patients

Maeda

Imada²,

Ishida

et al. 2019

Eur Neurol

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“…Although work in both humans and animals suggest that echo intensity may reflect intramuscular adiposity and fibrous tissue content (Reimers et al, 1993;Pillen et al, 2009;Young et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2016), the exact explanation for what it represents is somewhat unclear (Jenkins, 2016). Although work in both humans and animals suggest that echo intensity may reflect intramuscular adiposity and fibrous tissue content (Reimers et al, 1993;Pillen et al, 2009;Young et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2016), the exact explanation for what it represents is somewhat unclear (Jenkins, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Echo intensity is becoming an increasingly common dependent variable in anatomy, physiology and physical activity studies. Although work in both humans and animals suggest that echo intensity may reflect intramuscular adiposity and fibrous tissue content (Reimers et al, 1993;Pillen et al, 2009;Young et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2016), the exact explanation for what it represents is somewhat unclear (Jenkins, 2016). Recently, Young et al (2015) used MRI to create sex-specific equations for converting echo intensity and subcutaneous fat values to the percent of intramuscular fat for the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(black = 0; white = 255). Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness was quantified with ImageJ's straight line function as the distance between the skin-muscle interface and the superior border of the muscle's aponeurosis at three locations (left, centre, right) (Ryan et al, 2016). The mean of the three subcutaneous thickness values from each image was utilized.…”

Section: Ultrasonography Measurements and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consistency of novel ultrasound equations for estimating percent intramuscular fat

Burton

Stock

2018

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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“…As previously described, SFT is defined as the perpendicular distance between the inferior border of the epithelium and the superior border of the superficial aponeurosis [40]. Quantification of SFT was determined as the average SFT adjacent to the lateral, mid-line, and medial portions of the VL using the line tool in ImageJ and is reported in centimeters [40,41]. The average SFT of the three images taken in each rest position was then used for further analysis.…”

Section: Ultrasound Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rest Position on Morphology of the Vastus Lateralis and Its Relationship with Lower-Body Strength and Power

Varanoske

Coker

Johnson

et al. 2019

JFMK

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Ultrasonography of the lower body typically encompasses supine rest due to fluid shifts affecting tissue size and composition. However, vastus lateralis (VL) examination is completed in the lateral recumbent position, and this positional change may influence morphology and its ability to predict function. This study aimed to examine the effect of position on VL morphology and its relationship with lower-body performance. Cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), echo intensity (UnCorEI), subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SFT), and echo intensity corrected for SFT (CorEI) were assessed in 31 resistance-trained males (23.0 ± 2.1 yrs; 1.79 ± 0.08 m; 87.4 ± 11.7 kg) immediately after transitioning from standing to supine (IP), after 15 min of standing (ST), and after 15 min of rest in three recumbent positions: supine (SUP), dominant lateral recumbent (DLR), non-dominant lateral recumbent (NDLR). Participants also completed unilateral vertical jumps, isometric/isokinetic tests, and a one-repetition maximum leg press. CSA, MT, PA, and SFT were greater in ST compared to NDLR, DLR, and SUP (p < 0.05). CSA, UnCorEI, and CorEI were different between recumbent positions; however no differences were observed for MT, PA, and SFT. Different magnitudes of relationships were observed between muscle morphological characteristics measured after rest in different positions and performance variables. Muscle morphology in IP generally appears to be the best predictor of performance for most variables, although utilizing the NDLR and DLR positions may provide comparable results, whereas morphology measured in ST and SUP provide weaker relationships with physical performance. IP also requires less time and fewer requirements on the technician and subject, thus researchers should consider this positioning for VL examination.

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The influence of subcutaneous fat on the relationship between body composition and ultrasound-derived muscle quality

Cited by 44 publications

References 20 publications

Relationship of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness with Motor Paralysis and Muscle Echo Intensity in Post-Stroke Patients

Relationship of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness with Motor Paralysis and Muscle Echo Intensity in Post-Stroke Patients

Consistency of novel ultrasound equations for estimating percent intramuscular fat

Effects of Rest Position on Morphology of the Vastus Lateralis and Its Relationship with Lower-Body Strength and Power

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