Purpose
To determine the predictors of restenosis, major adverse limb events (MALE), postoperative death (POD), and all-cause mortality after repeat endovascular treatment of superficial femoral artery (SFA) restenosis.
Materials and Methods
This is a retrospective review of 440 patients with 518 SFA lesions treated between January 2002 and October 2011. Ninety-six limbs were treated for restenosis with bare metal stents (BMS) or angioplasty (PTA) of which 28 limbs developed another restenosis requiring a third procedure. The interaction measured in this study was between the second and third intervention. Predictors of SFA patency, major adverse limb events (MALE), postoperative death (POD), and all-cause mortality after SFA restenosis treatment were identified.
Results
Patients treated with BMS (n = 51) had similar rates of restenosis compared to PTA (n = 45) (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–2.90; P = 0.37). Patients in the BMS group taking statins had a significantly decreased risk of restenosis compared to patients not taking statins (HR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04–0.41; P < 0.001). Stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n = 12) was associated with a significantly higher risk of MALE + POD (HR 6.17; 95% CI 1.45–26.18; P = 0.014) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.27–6.33; P = 0.01). Clopidogrel was protective against all-cause mortality (HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.20–0.80; P = 0.01).
Conclusion
Patients taking statins at the time of intervention in the BMS group had a significantly decreased risk of developing restenosis. Stage 4–5 CKD was a risk factor for MALE+POD and all-cause mortality while clopidogrel decreased all-cause mortality risk.