The influence of snow conditions on the date of breeding of wading birds in north‐east Greenland

Green, G. H.; Greenwood, Jeremy J. D.; Lloyd, Clare S.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb04190.x

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Whilst in temperate climates food supply is often cited as the ultimate factor determining avian breeding cycles (Lack 1968, Perrins 1970, in arctic regions the timing of nesting is frequently controlled by thaw (e.g., Green et al 1977, Byrkjedal 1980. Passerine breeding activity in the arctic is closely linked to the abundance of invertebrate prey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The breeding biology of the Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus in West Greenland during two contrasting years

Fox

Francis

Madsen

et al. 1987

Ibis

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The breeding biology of the Lapland Bunting was studied in an area of central West Greenland during two contrasting seasons. In the delayed thaw of 1984, male birds arrived on the breeding grounds at the same time as in the more typical spring of 1979, but females delayed arrival by two weeks in 1984 compared with 1979. Mean clutch size was depressed in the latter year and declined through the season; breeding productivity was correspondingly reduced in 1984 compared to 1979. Egg and juvenile predation rates were similar for the two years. Nestlings grew as rapidly in 1984 as in 1979 despite an apparent reduction in detected ground‐dwelling invertebrates known to form an important constituent of the nestling diet. Because they bred later in 1984, females tended to commence moult later in 1984 than 1979 but completed moult by early September in both years. Males also commenced moult later but completed earlier in 1984.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The breeding biology of the Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus in West Greenland during two contrasting years

Fox

Francis

Madsen

et al. 1987

Ibis

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“…This phenomenon has been documented elsewhere on northern breeding areas, and indications are that these events probably occur every several years at Arctic breeding sites (Green et al, 1977;Mayfield, 1978). The two-to three-week difference between 1995 and 1997 in nesting chronology likely indicates the maximum leeway shorebirds breeding at Mid to High Arctic latitudes have in order to achieve successful fledging of young before the first fall storms.…”

Section: Species Density and Numbers At Creswell Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

Shorebird and Passerine Abundance and Habitat Use at a High Arctic Breeding Site: Creswell Bay, Nunavut

Latour¹,

Machtans²,

Beyersbergen³

2010

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Shorebirds and passerines were surveyed at Creswell Bay, Somerset Island, in the High Arctic Ecozone (Canadian Arctic Islands) during the breeding season (June and July, 1995 -97) and in August 1995 (post-breeding). The study area, situated on the north and south sides of Creswell Bay, consisted of sedge marsh and sedge wetland in the lowest areas, with shrub tundra dominated by Dryas spp. or Cassiope spp. and sparse herbaceous tundra over more upland areas. Surveys were carried out on 400 × 400 m plots distributed among the vegetation types according to their relative amounts within the study areas (34 plots in 1995; 33 plus 56 new plots in 1997). Eleven shorebird and three passerine species were observed during the surveys. Densities of breeding shorebirds were similar in 1995 and 1997 (37.3 and 33.1 birds/km 2 ), while in 1996 a late spring with heavy snow cover resulted in reduced numbers of birds and no breeding. Shorebirds and passerines were much more numerous in sedge marsh and sedge wetland. White-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) and red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) were the most abundant shorebirds breeding at Creswell Bay, and Lapland longspur (Calcarius lapponicus) was the most abundant breeding passerine. White-rumped sandpiper and sanderling (Calidris alba) were the most numerous species present after the breeding period. American golden-plover (Pluvialis dominica), red phalarope, and white-rumped sandpiper showed significant habitat preferences. An estimated 10 341 (± 6596; 95% CI) shorebirds were on the north area in 1995 and 14 840 (± 10 744) on both areas in 1997. The estimated maximum numbers over both years of white-rumped sandpiper (6769 ± 3725) and buff-breasted sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis) (908 ± 1169) at Creswell Bay were more than 1% of the species' estimated national populations (1.5% and 5.1%, respectively). This abundance, along with the relatively high species diversity at this high-latitude site, warrants its continued status as a Canadian Wildlife Service "key habitat site," and every possible effort should be made to ensure its long-term protection.Key words: Creswell Bay, High Arctic, Nunavut, shorebirds, passerines, density, numbers, habitat, species diversity, protection RÉSUMÉ. Les oiseaux de rivage et les passereaux ont fait l'objet d'une étude menée à la baie Creswell, dans l'île Somerset située dans l'écozone de l'Extrême-Arctique (archipel Arctique canadien) durant la saison de nidification (juin et juillet, 1995 -97) et en août 1995 (période post-reproductrice). La zone d'étude, située sur les rivages nord et sud de la baie Creswell, consistait en des cariçaies de terrains marécageux et humides dans les terres les plus basses, avec une toundra arbustive dominée par Dryas spp. ou Cassiope spp. et une toundra herbacée clairsemée dans les terres plus hautes. L'étude a été effectuée sur des parcelles carrées de 400 m de côté réparties dans les divers types de végétation selon l'importance relative de ces derniers dans les zones d'étude (34 parcel...

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“…However, this approach does not account for the amount of food needed for adequate growth and survival of young, and thus, may not be directly related to an individual's fitness (Green, Greenwood, & Lloyd, 1977;Tulp & Schekkerman, 2008). However, this approach does not account for the amount of food needed for adequate growth and survival of young, and thus, may not be directly related to an individual's fitness (Green, Greenwood, & Lloyd, 1977;Tulp & Schekkerman, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological mismatch in Arctic‐breeding shorebirds: Impact of snowmelt and unpredictable weather conditions on food availability and chick growth

Saalfeld

McEwen

Kesler

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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The ecological consequences of climate change have been recognized in numerous species, with perhaps phenology being the most well‐documented change. Phenological changes may have negative consequences when organisms within different trophic levels respond to environmental changes at different rates, potentially leading to phenological mismatches between predators and their prey. This may be especially apparent in the Arctic, which has been affected more by climate change than other regions, resulting in earlier, warmer, and longer summers. During a 7‐year study near Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska, we estimated phenological mismatch in relation to food availability and chick growth in a community of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds experiencing advancement of environmental conditions (i.e., snowmelt). Our results indicate that Arctic‐breeding shorebirds have experienced increased phenological mismatch with earlier snowmelt conditions. However, the degree of phenological mismatch was not a good predictor of food availability, as weather conditions after snowmelt made invertebrate availability highly unpredictable. As a result, the food available to shorebird chicks that were 2–10 days old was highly variable among years (ranging from 6.2 to 28.8 mg trap−1 day−1 among years in eight species), and was often inadequate for average growth (only 20%–54% of Dunlin and Pectoral Sandpiper broods on average had adequate food across a 4‐year period). Although weather conditions vary among years, shorebirds that nested earlier in relation to snowmelt generally had more food available during brood rearing, and thus, greater chick growth rates. Despite the strong selective pressure to nest early, advancement of nesting is likely limited by the amount of plasticity in the start and progression of migration. Therefore, long‐term climatic changes resulting in earlier snowmelt have the potential to greatly affect shorebird populations, especially if shorebirds are unable to advance nest initiation sufficiently to keep pace with seasonal advancement of their invertebrate prey.

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The influence of snow conditions on the date of breeding of wading birds in north‐east Greenland

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

The breeding biology of the Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus in West Greenland during two contrasting years

The breeding biology of the Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus in West Greenland during two contrasting years

Shorebird and Passerine Abundance and Habitat Use at a High Arctic Breeding Site: Creswell Bay, Nunavut

Phenological mismatch in Arctic‐breeding shorebirds: Impact of snowmelt and unpredictable weather conditions on food availability and chick growth

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