The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction

Mijailović, Nataša R.; Vesić, Katarina; Borovcanin, M.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.828476

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…UA, as an inhibitor of specific peroxynitrite mediated reaction ( 59 ), may protect mitochondrial function and delay the progression of SCZ through this mechanism. Previous studies have confirmed that treatment can improve the level of UA to have oxygen nitrite-mediated diseases of the nervous system ( 60 ). In addition, UA has also been found to have protective effects during inflammatory processes in the central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Role of uric acid as a biomarker of cognitive function in schizophrenia during maintenance period

et al. 2023

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BackgroundPrevious studies involving uric acid (UA) in some specialized disease populations have found that high UA is associated with enhanced patient function. The mechanism to explain this association may be that UA, an important antioxidant, exerts neuroprotective effects. Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) have severe oxidative stress abnormalities, and cognitive impairment is a major obstacle to their rehabilitation. Only few studies have been conducted on UA and cognitive impairment in SCZ. This study aims to clarify the relationship between UA and cognitive impairment and explore whether UA could be used as a potential biological marker of cognition in SCZ during maintenance period.MethodsA total of 752 cases of SCZ during maintenance period from Baiyun Jingkang Hospital were included. Cognition was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. UA was measured using the Plus method. The participants were grouped on the basis of UA to evaluate the association of cognition with low-normal (3.50–5.07 mg/dL for men, 2.50–4.19 mg/dL for women), middle-normal (5.07–6.39 mg/dL for men, 4.19–5.18 mg/dL for women), high-normal (6.39–7.00 mg/dL for men, 5.18–6.00 mg/dL for women), and high (>7.00 mg/dL for men, >6.00 mg/dL for women) levels of UA. Multiple logistic regression and linear regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were utilized to evaluate the relationship.ResultsUric acid was positively associated with cognitive function. Subgroup analyses showed that high UA was associated with enhanced cognition in participants with low anticholinergic cognitive burden (ACB).ConclusionUric acid may be used as a simple objective biological indicator to assess cognition in SCZ during maintenance period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Role of uric acid as a biomarker of cognitive function in schizophrenia during maintenance period

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, it might be that high levels of uric acid have a dual-effect, depending on the time of exposure. In this regard, uric acid may exert its protective effect during the initial stages of the elevated levels, primarily due to its antioxidative features, but following long-term exposure to these elevated levels, after the diagnosis of gout, it may induce an inflammatory reaction that damages the brain tissue [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between gout and the development of Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background As a natural antioxidant, uric acid plays a protective role against neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Therefore, the risk of PD has been found to be lower in people with hyperuricemia. In this article, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether gout affects the future risk of developing PD. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant studies, up to March 16, 2022. Studies investigating the risk of PD, following a gout diagnosis, were included if they were cross-sectional, case–control or cohort studies. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used to assess the quality of all included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0. Results Ten studies were included, which were comprised of three case-controls, six cohort studies and one nested case–control study. We found no significant association between gout and the risk of PD among both sexes (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–1.04), although the association was significant for females (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17). Subgroup analysis also showed no significant findings by age group, whether they were receiving treatment for gout, study design, quality assessment score, and method of gout ascertainment. In contrast, the studies that defined PD according to the use of drugs showed significant results (RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.76–0.89). There was a significant publication bias on the association between gout and PD. Conclusions The presence of gout had no significant effect on the risk of subsequently developing PD. Further analyses are recommended to investigate the effects of demographic and behavioral risk factors.

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“…Uric acid is an antioxidant in animal models, and its mechanism for neuroprotection in AIS is multifaceted [91].…”

Section: Uric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective agents in acute ischemic stroke

Chia

Yeo

et al. 2023

Explor Neuroprot Ther

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Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the leading cause of disability and one of the top causes of mortality worldwide. The current standard of care is reperfusion therapy including intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and thrombectomy. However, these treatments have limitations as they have a limited therapeutic window. Hence, there is a vital need to develop neuroprotective agents to prevent brain injury, extend the reperfusion window, improve mortality, and reduce disability in AIS patients. Neuroprotective agents work by counteracting the detrimental biochemical and molecular events that result in irreversible ischemic damage. Numerous preclinical studies and clinical trials have been done on different agents. Thus far, all have been definitively unsuccessful in large trials. Currently, there are several challenges in translation from animal studies to human trials. It is important to understand the current evidence as well as past challenges in the development of neuroprotective strategies in AIS in order for a more strategic selection of agents to be studied, improve study designs and thus contribute to the development of effective neuroprotective agents. Newer agents have shown promise in neuroprotection, and human trials are ongoing. In this review, the mechanisms of action of different families of neuroprotective agents were discussed. The evidence for the efficacy of different drugs in each family of neuroprotective agents was also evaluated and the current research landscape in neuroprotection for AIS was summarized. The past challenges and limitations in clinical trials and proposed possible ways to address these issues were highlighted.

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The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction

Cited by 32 publications

References 152 publications

Role of uric acid as a biomarker of cognitive function in schizophrenia during maintenance period

Role of uric acid as a biomarker of cognitive function in schizophrenia during maintenance period

Association between gout and the development of Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Neuroprotective agents in acute ischemic stroke

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