The influence of serial 50 μL microsampling on rats administered azathioprine, the immunosuppressive drug

Tanaka, Yoïchi; Takahashi, Kazuaki; Hattori, Norimichi; Yokoyama, Hisayuki; Yamaguchi, Koki; Shibui, Yusuke; Kawaguchi, Sayaka; Shimazaki, Taishi; Nakai, Keiko; Kusuhara, Hiroyuki; Saito, Yoshiro

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.02.016

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, that Azathioprine has harmful effects on the liver, including drug-induced hepatotoxicity that can cause release reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is consequently ascribed to hepatotoxicity. Oxidation may play a role in these effects that lead to decrease in RBC , PCV and WBC count [17].In this study aloe vera extract has been showed improvement in hematological parameters include WBC , RBC and PCV this may be due to purported ability of aloe vera extract to stimulate bone marrow and promote erythropoiesis , It may be related to the stimulation of factors that help stimulate erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation, such as interleukins [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effect of Aloe vera extract on some parameter liver functions changes and complete blood count induced by Azathioprine in male rats

Al-Hasnawi,

Jasim

2023

JKAS

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The present study aimed to reveal the biological vitality of the immune suppressant medicine azathioprine (AZA), which has been used to treat immunological illnesses like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), inflammatory bowel disease, and organ transplants, successfully lowers immune reactivity for liver and bone marrow. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the preventive effects of Aloe Vera extract in treating hematological and biochemical side effects brought on by azathioprine. Have been selected There were four groups of adult male rats. A mixture of azathioprine (50 mg/kg) and Aloe Vera (500 mg/kg) was given to group 4 in addition saline that group 1 received. Group 2 received azathioprine (50 mg/kg) orally for during a 30 days period. The findings show that azathioprine significantly reduced blood test results (RBC , WBC , PCV). While AST and ALT levels significantly increased in the biochemical test in contrast to the control group , Conclusions the Hepatotoxicity, or liver damage from immunosuppressive medications like azathioprine, is a possible side effect and Due to the damage that has happened to the hepatic tissue, the enzymes that assess the activities of the liver are raised.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effect of Aloe vera extract on some parameter liver functions changes and complete blood count induced by Azathioprine in male rats

Al-Hasnawi,

Jasim

2023

JKAS

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“…We also conducted a 4‐week study using SD rats administered with azathioprine (Tanaka et al, 2023). Again, 50 μl of blood was collected from the jugular vein at 6 time points from Days 1 to 2 and 7 time points from Days 27 to 28 at three organizations.…”

Section: Influence Of Microsampling On the Toxicity Parameters In Rat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to blood sampling from animals treated with drugs, there are no reports of blood sampling from the tail vein. Meanwhile, when blood was collected from the jugular vein, all previous reports have set the 24‐h blood collection volume to mostly less than 3% of the circulating blood volume (Hattori et al, 2023; Ohtsuka et al, 2022; Tanaka et al, 2023; Tochitani et al, 2022). Since the toxicological effects of blood sampling were minimal in all reports (although the potential influence on certain parameters might not be fully excluded in their statistical significance of the changes), the amount of blood collected from drug‐treated animals should be less than 3% of the circulating blood volume.…”

Section: Perspectives Of Applying Microsampling In Tk Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of microsampling on toxicological evaluation in rodent safety studies

Takahashi,

Hattori,

Yokoyama

et al. 2023

J of Applied Toxicology

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Recently, animal welfare has been attracting worldwide attention, and implementation of 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) is prioritized in every way possible in the drug development. Microsampling, in which small amounts of blood are collected, is attracting attention in this context. ICH S3A Q&A focused on microsampling was published in November 2017 to help accelerate the application of microsampling for toxicokinetic assessment. The increased sensitivity of drug measurement apparatuses such as mass spectrometers has made it possible to measure drug concentrations with small amounts of blood samples. In this review, we summarized the reports on toxicological influence of microsampling in rodents (rats and mice) with or without drug administration or recovery period after blood collection and influences that may arise from differences in the blood sampling site or blood sampling volume. We also summarized some perspectives on further implementation of microsampling in toxicology studies. The use of microsampling in regulatory toxicology studies has gradually increased, although at a lower rate than in discovery studies. Since more animals are used in GLP toxicology studies than in discovery studies, the effect of reducing the number of animals by microsampling is expected to be greater in the toxicology studies. This report aims to promote the application of microsampling to nonclinical studies, as it is beneficial for improving animal welfare and can contribute to the 3Rs.

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The influence of serial 50 μL microsampling on rats administered azathioprine, the immunosuppressive drug

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Aloe vera extract on some parameter liver functions changes and complete blood count induced by Azathioprine in male rats

Effect of Aloe vera extract on some parameter liver functions changes and complete blood count induced by Azathioprine in male rats

Impact of microsampling on toxicological evaluation in rodent safety studies

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