The influence of seed maturation on desiccation tolerance in Phalaenopsis amabilis hybrids

Schwallier, Rachel; Bhoopalan, Vanitha; Blackman, Sheila A.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2010.12.019

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Furthermore, the timing of maturation is not always obvious. For example, in a glasshouse study of hand-pollinated Phalaenopsis hybrids, chlorosis of the seed capsules was observed at 120 d after pollination, but desiccation tolerance occurred at 180 d after pollination, and dehiscence did not commence until 220 d after pollination (Schwallier et al 2011). For species such as these Phalaenopsis hybrids, seed maturity could be easily misjudged if based on capsule colour alone, leading to early collection and poor seed longevity.…”

Section: Seed Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

Merritt

Hay

Swarts

et al. 2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. Orchids are among the most enigmatic of plant species. Yet the Orchidaceae comprises more species at risk of extinction than any other plant family. The collection and storage of orchid germplasmprincipally seeds and associated mycorrhizal fungi but also protocorm-like bodies using encapsulation and vitrification techniques-allows for secure ex situ conservation. This article reviews the approaches and techniques used for the ex situ conservation of orchid germplasm, with a focus on seed banking and the use of cryopreservation techniques to improve the longevity of germplasm.Pivotal results. It is increasingly apparent that cryopreservation-the storage of germplasm at ultra-low temperatures (e.g., in liquid nitrogen)-is required for the long-term and low-maintenance conservation of all types of orchid germplasm. For orchid seeds, desiccation tolerance is common, but longevity in storage is poor. Cryopreservation of orchid seeds shows promise, but some complexities in low-temperature storage behavior still require explanation and resolution. The application of more advanced cryopreservation techniques, including encapsulation-dehydration and vitrification, is becoming increasingly common. These techniques provide for the simultaneous storage of orchid propagules with their compatible fungus, while for seeds, vitrification techniques show potential for improving tolerance to the stresses of cryopreservation. Conclusions.A renewed focus on describing the low-temperature storage physiology of orchid seeds to more precisely define the relationship between seed water content, storage temperature, and seed survival is required, as is perhaps the wider adoption of the use of cryoprotectants for seeds. This research, coupled with the development of improved methods of seed viability testing, will support the growing work of germplasm banks to protect orchid biodiversity in the face of habitat loss and potential species extinction.

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Section: Seed Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

Merritt

Hay

Swarts

et al. 2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…Very few r e p o r t s a r e a v a i l a b l e o n s e e d g e r m i n a t i o n o f Phalanaeopsis species, and no report exists on the asymbiotic or symbiotic seed germination requirements of Phalaenopsis 'Athens', 'Moscow' and 'Lusaka', three popular hybrids of Middle East. According to Schwalliera et al (2011) Phalaenopsis seeds are desiccation tolerant, showing their orthodox in their storage behavior, even with fairly high relative water content during harvest. It has been also advocated for further research for determining the endurance of seeds in storage and the maturation profile influencing germination, more precisely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsule formation and asymbiotic seed germination in some hybrids of Phalaenopsis, influenced by pollination season and capsule maturity

Balilashaki

Gantait

Naderi

et al. 2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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We explored the influence of pollination season and maturity of capsule on post-pollination capsule formation and in vitro asymbiotic seed germination, respectively. Three Phalaenopsis orchid hybrids, namely, 'Athens', 'Moscow' and 'Lusaka' flowers were artificially self-pollinated during winter, spring, summer and fall seasons and the impact of the pollination seasons was evident during capsule formation. It was observed that winter was the most suitable season for pollination of all the three Phalanaeopsis hybrids resulting in 80-88 % capsule formation. During summer, the pollination success rate was 24-28 %, but resulted in successful capsule formation. Season of pollination further delimited the germination efficiency of seeds harvested from capsules of variable maturity levels. Invariably, seeds collected from winterpollinated capsules performed best in germination compared to other seasons, for instance, 'Moscow' seeds took less than 14 days to germinate from capsules developed following winter-pollination. Regarding the influence of capsule maturity on seed germination, we observed that seeds derived from 5-month mature capsules, invariably took least time to germinate than that of the 3-month or 7-month in all three hybrids, e.g., for 'Moscow' it was 13.9 days with a maximum of 90.3 % germination.

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“…However, when they were directly submitted to LN without dehydration, no germination was observed because of the high seed moisture content. Most of orchid seeds have high moisture content, greater than most plants of agricultural importance (Schwallier et al, 2011). Elevated water content allows lethal damage to cells by intracellular ice nucleation and ice crystal formation after freezing, and may cause physical rupture and mechanical injury to cells (Benson 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%