“…Notably, metal oxides have shown enhanced electronic properties and exceptional stability, even at high temperatures up to 1000 °C, as well as resistance to oxidative decay and electromagnetic radiation, surpassing their metal and metal alloy counterparts [ 58 ]. In recent years, oxides of various metals such as Fe, Cu, Ni, Bi, W, and Ti have garnered significant attention for electrode modification [ [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] ]. Furthermore, the fusion of polymers and carbonaceous nanomaterials, for example carbon nanotubes ( CNTs ) and graphene, with metal oxides is pushing the frontier of metal oxide research by enhancing their electronic properties [ [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [69] ].…”