The influence of probiotic fodder additives on the morphofunctional state of duodenum pigs

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the effect of a class of microorganisms and substances of microbial and other origin that are used in feeding pigs to achieve maximum growth in animal mass, as well as therapeutic purposes. Study of the effect of biologically active additives on the state of the pig's digestive system. The article considers the rational nutrition that increase the productivity and reproductive capacity of animals, and also prevent the emergence of profound disturbances of all metabolic processes which leads to a decrease in resistance to productivity, a clinically pronounced disease of adult animals and young animals. The authors pay attention to the morphometric parameters, ultrastructure and content of nucleic acids in the wall of the duodenum of pigs by forage feeding with the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» in dose of 1 g/kg of fodder. Research were conducted on 28 day pigs, breed «Large White». It was formed two groups of piglets per 30 heads; piglets were fed with standard mixed fodders; piglets from the first group were received standard mixed fodder with the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» in dose 1 g/kg of fodder for 42 days. After the slaughter of piglets, pieces of duodenum for histological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies were selected. Statistical significance of differences was determined by Student's t test , assuming 5% estimate error. It was shown that feeding with forage within 42 days from the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg, villus height is increase, crypt depth and a number of plasma cells in the lamina propria of mucosa of the duodenum, which helps the digestive process and increase the area of nutrient absorption in the intestines. The number of plasma cells are increased in the lamina propria of mucosa and testify immunomodulatory effect of fodder additives. Ultra structural alteration of microvilli and changes in the nuclei of duodenal enterocytes of piglets of the first group indicates a more pronounced acfunctional activity of enterocytes and thereby increases the activity of parietal digestion in the intestine. As a conclusion, the task by definition performed of the effective dose of probiotic in feed for pig it can be considered completed and we can state the probiotics can be incorporated, as a alternative to antibiotics and increase the weight gain of animals and also to increase the level of immune resistance of the organism.