The influence of ploidy on saltwater adaptation, acute stress response and immune function following seawater transfer in non-smolting rainbow trout

Taylor, John F.; Needham, Melisa; North, Ben; Morgan, Alison L; Thompson, Kim D.; Migaud, Hervé

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.029

Cited by 66 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…There is accumulating evidence that both FW-to-SW transfer and HS diet are associated with a salt overload. After transfer from FW to SW or dilute SW (ϳ2/3 SW) plasma ions or osmolarity increase dramatically (1,4,7,14,38). After long-term adaptation (days to weeks), they may return to pretransfer levels (4,7,12,20,38) or remain elevated (14,17), whereas the osmoregulatory organs retain features characteristic of salt secretion (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Olson¹,

Hoagland²

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Olson KR, Hoagland TM. Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294: R1061-R1067, 2008. First published January 9, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00698.2007.-Trout are of interest in defining the relationship between fluid and salt balance on cardiovascular function because they thrive in freshwater (FW; volume loading, salt depleting), saltwater (SW; volume depleting, salt loading), and FW while fed a high-salt diet (FW-HS; volume and salt loading). The effects of chronic (Ͼ2 wk) adaptation to these three protocols on blood volume ( 51 Cr red cell space), extracellular fluid volume ( 99m Tc-diethylene triaminepenta-acetic acid space), arterial (dorsal aortic; PDA) and venous (ductus Cuvier; Pven) blood pressure, mean circulatory filling pressure (zero-flow Pven), and vascular capacitance were examined in the present study on unanesthetized rainbow trout. Blood volume, extracellular fluid volume, PDA, Pven, and mean circulatory filling pressure progressively increased in the order SW Ͻ FW Ͻ FW-HS. Vascular capacitance in SW fish appeared to be continuous with the capacitance curve of FW fish and reflect a passive volume-dependent unloading of the venous system of FW fish. Vascular capacitance curves for FW-HS fish were displaced upward and parallel to those of FW fish, indicative of an active increase in unstressed blood volume without any change in vascular compliance. These studies are the first in any vertebrate to measure the relationship between fluid compartments and cardiovascular function during independent manipulation of volume and salt balance, and they show that volume, but not salt, balance is the primary determinant of blood pressure in trout. They also present a new paradigm with which to investigate the relative contributions of water and salt balance in cardiovascular homeostasis. fish; unstressed blood volume; mean circulatory filling pressure; osmoregulation; ionoregulation THE PIONEERING STUDIES OF Goldblatt et al. (13), Guyton et al. (15), Dahl and Heine (8), and others clearly showed that salt and water balance were primary effectors of blood pressure in mammals. Although a direct effect of salt balance on blood pressure has been suggested (2), it is generally accepted that fluid volume is the primary effector of blood pressure and that salt balance is regulated to maintain fluid volume. This is not surprising, as water loss in the urine or through evaporation is a chronic problem for terrestrial vertebrates, and, because water is not actively transported, it can only be retained if osmotically coupled to an osmolyte, usually salt. However, the inexorable coupling of water and salt has been problematic in understanding the pathophysiology of blood pressure regulation (2, 19, 35).The relative impact of volume regulation and salt balance on blood pressure regulation in fish may be more amenable to experimentation. Saltwater (SW) fish live in an environment with a ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Olson¹,

Hoagland²

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…A recent study on rainbow trout which were transferred from freshwater to seawater reported an enhanced head kidney macrophage respiratory burst in animals [62]. A study in brown trout (Salmo trutta) transferred from freshwater to seawater noted an increase in the phagocytic activity of head kidney leucocytes [63].…”

Section: Haematologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the immune system of fish by their environment

Bowden

2008

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

345

189

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“…Non-smolting rainbow trout HK immune cells showed greater respiratory burst activity (approximately 50% higher) when transferred to SW (Taylor et al, 2007). It has been reported previously that stress affects the phagocytic and/or respiratory burst activity of spleen, head kidney and blood leucocytes (Thompson et al, 1993;Pulsford et al, 1994;Vazzana., 2002;Liebert and Shreck, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In non-smolting salmonids, FW-SW and FW-FW transfer resulted in a typical acute stress response characterized by a marked increase in plasma cortisol concentration (Taylor et al, 2007). The concentrations of cortisol and plasma osmolality are increased markedly after transfer from FW to SW and exhibit a significant positive correlation (Kajimura et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Acute Osmotic Stress on Innate Immunity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Choi¹,

Park²

2010

Fisheries and aquatic sciences

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The effects of osmotic stress on the non-specific immune response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, were investigated. Osmoregulatory mechanism of tilapia has been studied, but less information is available about innate immune response of O. niloticus faced with hyperosmolality. Acute osmotic stress was elicited by transferring tilapia from freshwater (FW) to 24 psu seawater (SW). Non-specific immune parameters including lysozyme activities of plasma and head kidney (HK), alternative complement pathway (ACP) activity in plasma, phagocytic capacities of spleen and HK immune cells, and respiratory burst activity of immune cells in both HK and spleen were analyzed. Lysozyme activities were increased at 1 h and 30 h after transfer to SW, but decreased at 10 h after SW transfer. Conversely, ACP activity increased 10 h after SW transfer. Phagocytic capacity increased slightly at 1 h and 5 h after SW transfer, and respiratory burst activity showed an increase in superoxide release at 10 h after SW transfer. Taken together, these results indicate that the exposure of tilapia to hyperosmotic conditions has immunostimulatory effects on cellular and humoral immune reactions.

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The influence of ploidy on saltwater adaptation, acute stress response and immune function following seawater transfer in non-smolting rainbow trout

Cited by 66 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Modulation of the immune system of fish by their environment

The Effects of Acute Osmotic Stress on Innate Immunity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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