The influence of national culture on tourists’ behaviour towards environment

Abstract

Culture as an important element in tourism plays its role in the form of attraction for tourists as well as aspects which influence tourists' behaviour. Several crosscultural studies have been done to find the differences between tourists' behaviour regarding their culture. Although there is no comprehensive definition for culture in literature, Hofstede provided a well-known model which divided national culture into five dimensions. Power distance, individualism /collectivism, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation are the dimensions of his mentioned model. Since environment is the fundamental component of tourism, its sustainability, management, and controlling tourism impact on it is important for the industry. This study aims to review tourists' behaviour towards environment and find the influence of tourists' national culture on their certain behaviour. Qualitative analysis was done by using existing literature about "tourist behaviour in relation to environment" and relating them to "tourists' national culture". The result has provided the estimate model of tourist behaviour by different national culture towards environment.

Determinants of Intercity Air‐Passenger Flows in the “Belt and Road” Region

“…Second, societies with high MAS scores are driven by achievements, competition, and success, while those with a low score value life quality and happiness. Passengers from a country with a low MAS score have more leisure time, thus leading to a high tourist demand [53]. MAS is significantly and negatively correlated to air-passenger flows, with a coefficient of 0.033. us, air passengers prefer destinations with similar MAS scores.…”

Understanding sense of safety and trustworthiness of tourism information among migrant visitors

“…Filimonau et al , 2018; Filimonau and Perez, 2018; Li, 2012; Li and Lu, 2016). Second, earlier studies underpinned by Hofstede's model have shown strong influence of cultural values on key operational areas, in various disciplines such as marketing, consumer behaviour, consumer preference, brand choice and so on (Farahani and Mohamed, 2011; Koc, 2020; Reisinger and Crotts, 2010). To the best of our knowledge, no study has applied the Hofstede model to explore and understand trustworthiness of information and perceptions of safety akin to different migrant tourists in developing destination contexts.…”

“…The reason being that “uncertainty avoidance” plays an important role in understanding travelling risks, and more important than other cultural dimensions in predicting cross-cultural behaviour (Alcantara-Pilar et al , 2017; Crotts, 2004). The “power distance” dimension has been strongly associated with adherence to safety rules and regulations in the tourism sector (Farahani and Mohamed, 2011), and therefore would be relevant for achieving the specific objective of this study. Furthermore, we maintain that sense of safety and trust of tourism information about a destination could be assessed and understood first on the basis of the impact of the culture of the country of origin of the migrant visitors in a destination country.…”

“…To a large extent, the tourism literature has focussed on certain nationalities and cultures (e.g. Batat and Prentovic, 2014; Farahani and Mohamed, 2011; Wang et al , 2019). There is therefore a gap in the tourism literature due to the limited studies on “sense of safety” from the perspectives of migrant visitors in developing country destinations, hence the direction of this study.…”

“…Notably, the literature attests that tourist attitude towards safety and processing of information could differ, possibly due to differences in levels of personal development, personal experience, national culture characteristics and so on (Canavan, 2016; Farahani and Mohamed, 2011; Zeng and Gerritsen, 2014). Interestingly, migrant visitors usually maintained their values and cultural characteristics consistent with national cultures of their home country (Marcher et al , 2020; Okano and Naoi, 2020).…”