The Influence of National Culture on Business Students' Career Attitudes – An Analysis of Eight Countries

Abstract

Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.

A Systematic Review of Factors That Influence Youths Career Choices—the Role of Culture

“…The studies carried out in Canada, Finland, Germany, Spain, Switzerland and United States of America showed a high level of individualism, which typifies intrinsic motivation for career choice. Youths in individualistic cultural settings were influenced by the combinations of intrinsic (personal interest, personality trait, self-efficacy), extrinsic (job security, high salaries) and to a lesser extent, interpersonal (parental guidance) factors and are encouraged to make their own career decisions (Mau, 2004;Gunkel et al, 2013). In contrast, studies carried out in Argentina, Burkina Faso, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, and Ukraine showed a high level of collectivism.…”

“…In contrast, studies carried out in Argentina, Burkina Faso, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, and Ukraine showed a high level of collectivism. Youths in collectivist cultures were mainly influenced by interpersonal (honoring parental and societal expectations and parental requirements to follow a prescribed career path) and extrinsic (prestigious professions) (Mau, 2000;Gunkel et al, 2013). The opinions of significant others matter significantly to youths from collectivist cultural settings.…”

“…All three factors (Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Interpersonal) affecting adolescents' career choices were identified in this review ( Figure 2). Out of the 30 articles, five (17%) explored interpersonal factors exclusively (Cheung et al, 2013;Gunkel et al, 2013;Fan et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014;Fouad et al, 2016). Majority of the studies, 16 out of 30 (53%) explored interpersonal and intrinsic factors solely (Mau, 2000;Lee, 2001;Caldera et al, 2003;Howard et al, 2009;Lent et al, 2010;Shin and Kelly, 2013;Cheung and Arnold, 2014;Sawitri et al, 2014Guan et al, 2015;Li et al, 2015;Creed, 2015, 2017;Kim et al, 2016;Hui and Lent, 2018;Polenova et al, 2018).…”

“…Italy was considered as partly individualistic and collectivist. Fourteen studies included participants from both collectivist and individualistic cultural settings (Mau, 2000;Lee, 2001;Caldera et al, 2003;Howard et al, 2009;Fan et al, 2012Fan et al, , 2014Cheung et al, 2013;Choi and Kim, 2013;Gunkel et al, 2013;Shin and Kelly, 2013;Zhang et al, 2014;Guan et al, 2015;Fouad et al, 2016;Wüst and Leko Šimić, 2017;Atitsogbe et al, 2018;Hui and Lent, 2018;Polenova et al, 2018;Tao et al, 2018). Twelve studies focused on collectivist cultural settings (Yamashita et al, 1999;Bojuwoye and Mbanjwa, 2006;Agarwala, 2008;Gokuladas, 2010;Lent et al, 2010;Cheung and Arnold, 2014;Sawitri et al, 2014Li et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2016;Sawitri and Creed, 2017).…”

Parental Support, Career Exploration, and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy in Junior High School Students

“…However, Akosah-Twumasi et al (2018) and Sawitri et al (2014) argue that parents still have a significant role in junior high school students' decision making because in collectivist cultures such as Indonesia, individuals tend to be influenced and respect the expectations given by the environment (Gunkel, Schlägel, Langella, Peluchette, & Reshetnyak, 2013). Thus, adolescents are still dependent on parents and often tell problems about their career decisions to them (Mortimer, Zimmer-Gembeck, Holmes, & Shanahan, 2002;Otto, 2000).…”