The Influence of Mixing Methods on the Compressive Strength and Fluoride Release of Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cements

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the compressive strength and fluoride ion release of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cement mixing methods (hand mix and mechanical mix) compared to ready-to-use ones. Materials and Methods. Two conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) (Fuji II and Fuji II Caps), two resin-modified GICs (Fuji II LC and Fuji II L Caps), and one ready-to-use GIC (Ionoseal, Voco) were used. For the compressive strength test, cylindrical specimens (6 mm × 4 mm) of each group were prepared. The test was performed in a universal testing machine (EMIC DL2000). For the fluoride release test, specimens were prepared in the form of discs and placed in deionized/distilled water, which were replaced daily for 15 days. The fluoride ion release readings were performed on an electrode (Orion 96-09) connected to a digital ion analyzer (Quimis 0400ISE). The compressive strength data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, and the ion release data were submitted to repeated measures ANOVA (material vs. time) and Holm–Sidak post test (α = 5%). Results. The one-way ANOVA showed statistical difference between the tested materials (p<0.001). Ionoseal showed the highest values of compressive strength (p<0.001). Mechanical manipulation increased the compressive strength only for conventional GIC, and resin-modified GIC did not present any statistical difference. Conventional GIC (mechanical mix) showed higher fluoride release on first day than the other groups tested. Conclusion. There was influence of the mixing methods of the materials on the compressive strength and fluoride release pattern of the glass ionomer cements.

Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on physical and antimicrobial properties of resin-modified glass ionomer cement

“…[ 36 ] Differences in the amount of F - released attributed to storage medium have been reported. [ 21 36 ] It is important to point out that the F - release pattern overtime is the most important finding in fluoride release assessment. [ 20 22 ] The pattern of F - release from both groups in daily assessments in the 1 st week shows a drastic decrease on the 1 st day, which is similar to other studies.…”

“…Before testing, the specimens were washed by 1 mL deionized water, which was added to previous water and buffered by 4 mL of Total Ionic Strength Adjustment Buffer. [ 20 21 22 ]…”

Cimento de ionômero de vidro e sua aplicabilidade na Odontologia: Uma revisão narrativa com ênfase em suas propriedades

“…Vários estudos têm mostrado que a liberação de flúor ocorre tanto com os cimentos de ionômeros de vidro convencionais como com os ionômeros modificados por resinas. Porém, o convencional apresenta maior liberação de flúor do que o modificado por resina (Oliveira et al, 2019).…”

“…O cimento de ionômero de vidro convencional apresenta-se como um material restaurador autopolimerizável, com propriedades como, liberação de fluoretos e biocompatibilidade com a estrutura dentária (Dornellas et al, 2018). Contudo, exibe baixa tenacidade à fratura, com menor resistência ao desgaste, limitando-se o seu uso em áreas com poucas tensões mastigatórias (Oliveira et al, 2019). Neste contexto, a fim de aprimorar tais propriedades, foram desenvolvidos os cimentos de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina, que possui as mesmas aplicações clínicas que os ionômeros de vidro convencionais, porém proporciona uma melhor estética, sendo fotopolimerizável e livres de bolhas, uma vez que não requer a manipulação do material (Machado et al, 2019;Nicholson et al, 2020).…”

Metronidazole‐loaded glass ionomer dental cements

“…9 Silane coupling agents can provide adequate bondings between fibers and the GIC matrix by chemically pretreating the fillers, thus improving the physico-mechanical properties of a material. 10,11 Silanes also protect the filler surface from failure and play a significant role in the stress transmittance imposed on the resin matrix in the mastication period to the stronger glass fibers. 12,13 The important role of silane coupling agents has been reported by many researchers.…”