The influence of long-term housing in enriched environment on behavior of normal rats and subjected to neonatal pro-inflammatory challenge

Pavlova, Irina V.; Broshevitskaya, Nadezda D.; Zaichenko, Mariya I.; Grigoryan, Grigory A.

doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100639

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“… Cavalcante et al (2020) found that a 2-week stay in the EE caused a significant decrease in the freezing time during extinction of CFR compared to control animals, while a 4-week stay in the EE reduced the freezing time only in the last session. In our work ( Pavlova et al, 2023 ), the percentage of the freezing time decrease during extinction in the EE group in context was greater than in rats of the STAND group. Thus, the extinction of contextual CFR in rats and mice occurs much faster in the EE group compared to the STAND group.…”

Section: Enriched Environment and Memorycontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…The rats housed in the EE froze significantly less time in chamber 2 compared to the rats of the STAND group, though no differences were observed between both groups in chamber 1. In our experiments ( Pavlova et al, 2023 ), in the retention test 24 h after fear conditioning learning, the male rats of the EE group froze significantly less time in the same context and in response to CS than the rats of the STAND groups. In the females of the EE group, the freezing time in the context, but not for CS, was shorter than in the rats of the STAND group.…”

Section: Enriched Environment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 53%

“…This can occur either directly through the mechanisms of rapid habituation to the contextual stimuli, or indirectly, through the increased activity of CS. Facilitation of CFR due to increased activity of CS under the EE conditions has not been manifested in many experiments ( Rampon et al, 2000 ; Duffy et al, 2001 ; Tang et al, 2001 ; Barbelivien et al, 2006 ; Pavlova et al, 2023 ). At the same time, a lot of data demonstrating a link between the effects of EE and contextual fear memory were obtained, although these data had contradictory results ( Rampon et al, 2000 ; Benaroya-Milshtein et al, 2004 ; Hendriksen et al, 2010 ; Lee and Noh, 2016 ; Sun et al, 2016 ; Sukegawa et al, 2022 ; Yu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Enriched Environment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the EE rats froze significantly more time with this interval before shock presentation than the rats of the STAND group, the authors assumed that the EE group process contextual information faster than control animals. It should be noted that in a number of studies, the rats housed in the EE showed an increase in exploratory activity ( Studelska and Kemble, 1979 ; Van Waas and Soffie, 1996 ; Brillaud et al, 2005 ; Pavlova et al, 2022 , 2023 ). For example, in our work ( Pavlova et al, 2022 ), males of the EE group traveled a greater distance and had a higher movement speed compared to males of the STAND group.…”

Section: Enriched Environment and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

Grigoryan

2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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In this review, a hypothesis is proposed to explain the beneficial effect of an enriched environment (EE) on the conditioned fear reaction (CFR) from the perspective of a functional system of behavioral control. According to the hypothesis, the EE affects all behavioral act components, including the processing of sensory information, memory, motivational and reinforcing systems, and motor activities, which weakens the CFR. Animals raised in the EE have effects that are comparable to those of context (CTX) and CS pre-exposures at latent inhibition. An abundance of stimuli in the EE and constant contact with them provide the formation of CS-noUS and CTX-noUS connections that later, during CFR learning, slow down and diminish fear. The EE also contributes to faster processing of information and habituation to it. As a result, many stimuli in the context lose their significance, and subjects simply ignore them. And finally, the EE affects the motivational and reinforcing brain mechanisms, induces an impairment of search activity, and worsens memory consolidation, which leads to a reduction of CFR.

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Section: Enriched Environment and Memorycontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Enriched Environment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Enriched Environment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enriched Environment and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

Grigoryan

2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…The EE increased motor and search activity and contextual conditioned fear in both sexes and reduced anxiety in males and depressive-like behavior in females. In contrast, LPS prevented the beneficial effects of EE on anxiety in females and on conditioned fear in both sexes ( 185 ). The systemic effects of EE on conditioned fear reactions have been reviewed ( 187 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Interstitial cystitis—an imbalance of risk and protective factors?

Westropp,

Stella,

Buffington

2024

Front. Pain Res.

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Interstitial cystitis (IC) presents as a chronic pain condition with variable combinations of symptoms depending on the species and individual patient. It is diagnosed by the presence of lower urinary tract signs and symptoms in combination with a variety of comorbid health problems, a history of life adversities, and the absence of other conditions that could cause the lower urinary tract signs. IC occurs naturally in humans and cats as a dimensional condition, with patients presenting with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Most patients appear to recover without specific treatment. A number of rodent models of IC have been used to study its causes and treatments. Unfortunately, current therapies generally fail to ameliorate IC symptoms long-term. The recent classification of IC as a chronic primary pain disorder calls for a rethinking of current clinical and research approaches to it. Beginning when a patient encounters a clinician, precipitating, perpetuating, and palliating risk factors can be addressed until a cause or reliably effective therapy is identified, and identifying predisposing and preventive factors can inform epidemiological studies and health promotion interventions. Predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating risk factors, including environmental, psychological, and biological, increase the activity of the central threat response system (CTRS), which plays a clinically important role in IC symptoms. Studies in cats and rodent models have revealed that environmental enrichment (EE), in the absence of bladder-directed therapies, leads to amelioration of IC symptoms, implying a central role for the CTRS in symptom precipitation and perpetuation. Conceptually moving the source of IC pain to the brain as a motivational state rather than one resulting from peripheral nociceptive input offers both clinicians and researchers novel opportunities to improve care for patients with IC and for researchers to use more ecologically valid rodent models. It may even be that IC results from an excess of risk to protective factors, making this imbalance a targetable cause rather than a consequence of IC.

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The influence of long-term housing in enriched environment on behavior of normal rats and subjected to neonatal pro-inflammatory challenge

Cited by 2 publications

References 69 publications

The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

The systemic effects of the enriched environment on the conditioned fear reaction

Interstitial cystitis—an imbalance of risk and protective factors?

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