The influence of hydro-meteorological conditions on the spread of chicken cestodiasis

Abstract

Today one of the important problems in poultry farming and bird keeping both in homesteads and on farms is the spread of endoparasites, which cause a significant decrease in productivity and significant economic damage. Raillietinosis and daveniosis are natural focal tape helminthiases that parasitize in the small intestine of poultry. The research on chicken cestodiasis was carried out on poultry farms in the south of Odessa Region of Ukraine during 2017 and 2019. 4219 chickens of different age groups were examined, which used walking areas, with 1965 chickens – in 2017 and 2254 – in 2019. To assess the wet and dry periods with daily average temperatures above 10 °C, that is the period of active vegetation, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (SHC) was used (1937), according to which the spread of chicken cestodiasis was determined. In the south of Odessa Region, the moderate and severe period increased from four to seven months, at which the hydrothermal coefficient amounted to 0.4–0.8. The period of sufficient moisture at a hydrothermal coefficient of 1.0–1.5 decreased from three months of 2017 to two months of 2019 and the hydrothermal coefficient was not calculated for five and three months, respectively. In 2017, the hatching of cestode eggs with bird manure was recorded for nine months: from March (10.1%) to November (5.8%) with high rates in June (27.2%) and September (37.1%), while in 2019, cestode eggs were recorded in February (12.7%) and up to December (2.4%), that is, for 11 months, with the highest rates in May (41.8%) and September (43.9%). The species composition of chicken cestodes is represented by four species: Raillietina echinobothrida (74.2%), which dominates due to a longer low hydrothermal coefficient, as well as R. tetragona (9.8%), R. cesticillus (10.8%) and Davainea proglottina (5.2%). The invasion of ants with cysticercoid R. echinobothrida in 2017 amounted to 19.6%, and in 2019 – 25.9% with an intensity of 1 to 4 specimens.

Parasites of domestic and wild pigeons in the south of Ukraine

“…Both domestic and wild pigeons feed mainly on grain, but consume beetles, snails, earthworms, and ants, which can be carriers of invasive stages of helminths (Bogach et al, 2020). The prevalence and level of infestation of birds varies depending on the type of parasite, the physiological condition of the individual, as well as the geographical location of the natural-climatic zone (Oniye et al, 2000).…”

Effectiveness of a modern antiparasitic agent for deworming in domestic animals

“…In recent years, many countries have experienced dramatic changes in climate and landscape due to urbanization processes, which contributes to a significant change in biodiversity in these regions (Bogach et al, 2020). Since over 75% of human diseases are of zoonotic origin, it is crucial to understand the dynamics of interactions between nature, pets, and humans and conduct more targeted studies of the transmission of zoonotic parasites (Mackenstedt et al, 2015).…”

Comparative assessment of the effect of disinfectants on the level of biotic contamination and hatchability of chicken eggs

“…Achievements of world science and advanced production can significantly increase the hatchability of eggs and the quality of day-old birds (Almeida et al, 2008). To obtain positive results it is necessary to meet a number of conditions, which include the presence of modern incubators, main and auxiliary facilities, biologically complete eggs, qualified personnel, strict adherence to the sequence of the technological process (Boleli et al, 2016;Palii et al, 2020;Nasri et al, 2020).…”

“…The intensification of production has led to the concentration of a large number of birds of different ages in relatively limited areas. Violation of basic zooveterinary requirements in egg and meat production very often leads to diseases of various etiologies in poultry (Paliy et al, 2018b;Bogach et al, 2020;Paliy et al, 2020a). This is due to the fact that the air basin at such poultry farms is heavily polluted by microflora due to violations in various technological operations for clean and dirty air flows (Palii et al, 2019).…”

“…One of the key stages of egg incubation is the genetic potential and age of the parent flock (Nangsuay et al, 2013;Ipek and Sozcu, 2015), the shelf life of eggs before incubation (Fasenko, 2007;Goliomytis, Tsipouzian and Hager-Theodorides, 2015), egg size (Iqbal et al, 2016), timely and careful overturning (Elibol and Braket, 2003), quality of ventilation (Okur, Eleroğlu and Türkoğlu, 2018;Ishchenko et al, 2019). For sanitary treatment of eggs before incubation it is necessary to use only those antimicrobials, the effectiveness of which is proven in the laboratory, and their properties meet modern requirements for high quality and safe production (Gehan et al, 2009;Banach et al, 2016;Paliy et al, 2020b;Orobchenko et al, 2020).…”