The influence of high dietary calcium and phosphate on lead uptake and release

Quarterman, J.; Morrison, James N.; Humphries, W. R.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(78)90061-0

Cited by 47 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…42 Studies using stable isotopes of Pb fed simultaneously with Ca to adults showed a decrease in Pb absorption. 43 Increasing dietary Ca is associated with decreases in gastrointestinal Pb absorption and BPbs in some studies 8,26,28,44,45 but not in others. 46,47 In a recent longitudinal study, Lanphear et al 47 found a marginal correlation between BPbs and Ca intake in a cohort of 12-to 24-month-old children who received ϳ900 mg of Ca per day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Trial of Calcium Supplementation for Childhood Lead Poisoning

2004

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Lead (Pb) poisoning remains a common disease among children despite successful public health efforts that have reduced its prevalence. Treatment options for children with blood Pb levels (BPbs) <45 g/dL are limited because chelation therapy is generally not indicated. Calcium (Ca) and Pb interactions are well documented. Competition for binding to Ca-binding proteins may underlie a mechanism for Pb absorption. The purpose of this study was to determine the role, if any, of supplemental Ca at reducing BPbs in moderately poisoned children.Methods. Children aged 1 to 6 years with BPbs 10 to 45 g/dL were enrolled in a double-blinded, placebocontrolled trial of the effects of Ca supplementation on BPbs. Children received either a Ca-containing liquid or an indistinguishable placebo. Dosage was adjusted biweekly on the basis of responses to a dietary Ca intake questionnaire to reach 1800 mg in the Ca-supplemented group. Samples for BPbs and measures to assess safety were collected before and after 3 months of supplementation and after an additional 3 months of follow-up. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were performed.Results. A total of 67 of 88 enrolled children with a mean age of 3.6 years completed 3 months of supplementation. There were no statistically significant differences between groups on hematologic and biochemical measures, including serum and urinary Ca, at any time points. The average compliance rate was estimated to be 80% for each group during the 3-month supplementation period.Conclusions. At enrollment, the average daily Ca intake in this group of inner-city children was greater than the recommended daily intake for age. Although BPbs declined during a 3-month period in both groups, Ca supplementation aimed at providing 1800 mg of Ca/day had no effect on the change in BPbs. Ca supplementation should not be routinely prescribed for mild to moderately Pb-poisoned children who are dietarily Ca sufficient. Pediatrics 2004;113:e34 -e39. URL: http://www. pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/1/e34; lead, lead poisoning, calcium, calcium supplementation.ABBREVIATIONS. Pb, lead; BPb, blood lead level; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; EP, erythrocyte protoporphyrin; AAS, atomic absorption spectrometry; SD, standard deviation; sCa, serum calcium; uCa, urinary calcium; uCr, urinary creatinine. C hildhood lead (Pb) poisoning is prevalent worldwide. In the United States alone, an estimated 0.5 million preschool-aged children have elevated blood Pb levels (BPbs; Ն10 g/dL). 1 The poisoning of this large number of children is, in large part, the consequence of the widespread presence of leaded paint in US residential housing. The National Academy of Sciences estimates that there are 3 million tons of leaded paint in housing built primarily before 1960. 2 Outside the US, the continued use of leaded gasoline is associated with elevated BPbs in urban populations. 3 A study completed recently in India found that average BPbs in 5 major cities were comparable to that in the U...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Trial of Calcium Supplementation for Childhood Lead Poisoning

2004

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“…[13] Studies using stable isotopes of Pb fed simultaneously with Ca to adults showed a decreased in Pb absorption. [6] Increasing dietary Ca is associated with decreases in gastrointestinal lead absorption and BLL in some studies [35]; [20], [22], [7], [27] but not in others. [28], [19] In a longitudinal study Lanphear et al found a marginal correlation between BLL and Ca intake in a cohort of 12-to 24-month old children who received 900 mg Ca per day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Lead Poisoning Prevention in Children with Calcium Supplementation

Sofyani¹,

Lelo²

2017

Proceedings of the 1st Public Health International Conference (PHICo 2016)

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Abstract-Lead poisoning is one of the environmental problems around the world affecting human health. Children are at the greatest risk because lead is more easily absorbed by their growing bodies, and because their tissues are especially sensitive to damage. Even blood lead levels as low as 5 µg/dL can irreversibly impair the development of children's brain. Lead competition with ca 2+ in the plasma membrane transport system, binds to calmodulin and disturb the enzyme activity that causes the transcription of genes in the nervous system affected. Chronic exposure can cause behavioral disorders, reduce the level of IQ, and cause impaired growth.The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of calcium supplementation to decrease blood lead levels (BLLs) of children who are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning. Children aged 9-16 years who live in areas with highest traffic density in Medan (around Terminal Amplas) had chosen randomly included in this quasi-experimental study with a clinical trial design in which subjects were divided into two groups. One as control, one group received calcium with a dose of 400 mg twice daily orally for three months. Samples for BLLs were collected before and after 3 months of supplementation. Descriptive statistics were calculated at two visits (baseline, and 3 months). Potential trends in whole blood lead, and haemoglobine were assessed using paired t-tests; comparison between two treatment were assessed by unpaire t-tests. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.The highest BLLs before was 12 µg/dL, after treatment was 1.9 µg/dL; difference between means in BLLs after 3 months of follow-up was 1.327 ± 0.4346 g/dL (P 0.004); significantly different (P< 0.05).Calcium at dose 2 x 400 mg daily orally to children who are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning for three months can reduce BLLs significantly.

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“…Elle est augmentée au cours du jeûne, des régimes pauvres en protéines ou riches en graisses [4]. À l'inverse, des régimes enrichis en calcium et en phosphate diminuent son absorption [5]. Cependant, l'administration de la vitamine D stimule l'absorption du plomb, suggérant un méca-nisme compétitif entre calcium et plomb [6], éventuellement par l'intervention de la CBP (Calcium Binding Protéin) dans le transport intestinal du toxique [7].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

L’effet du stress oxydant induit par l’acétate de plomb sur le système enzymatique du glutathion chez les rats

2011

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Résumé -Objectif : Ce travail porte sur l'étude de l'effet toxique de l'acétate de plomb sur l'activité du système de défense de glutathion chez les rats. Méthodes : Cette étude a été réalisée sur 40 rats mâles (Albinos wistar) qui ont été répartis en quatre groupes. Pendant une semaine, trois lots de rats ont été traités par une injection intrapéritonéale (ip) par trois doses différentes d'acétate de plomb (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) de poids corporel; un lot témoin a été traité (ip) uniquement par un soluté isotonique de chlorure de sodium. Résultats : L'injection des rats par l'acétate de plomb a provoqué une variation des paramètres biochimiques et biologiques exprimée notamment par une augmentation du rapport hépato-corporel, surtout chez les rats recevant des doses importantes. Les concentrations sériques en glucose, urée, créatinine, acide urique, phosphatases alcalines et amino transferases (ASAT et ALAT) ont augmenté significativement. La concentration des protéines sériques a diminué chez les rats traités par les doses élevées par rapport aux témoins. L'auto-oxydation lipidique exprimée par la concentration de malondialdéhyde (MDA) a également augmenté chez les rats traités. Enfin, les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence le potentiel détoxifiant du système enzymatique de glutathion exprimé par la diminution de la concentration de glutathion tissulaire (GSH) et l'augmentation des activités des enzymes liées au glutathion (glutathion S-transférase, glutathion peroxydase et glutathion réductase) chez tous les lots traités. Conclusion : Au regard des ces résultats, une relation étroite a été signalée entre la diminution de la concentration de GSH tissulaire et l'augmentation des activités de la GST, GPx et GR chez les rats traités par l'acétate de plomb. Ceci explique probablement le rôle du système de glutathion dans la détoxication des métabolites toxiques des polluants et donc la protection de la cellule vivante. Mots clés :Stress oxydant, glutathion, glutathion peroxydase, glutathion réductase, glutathion S-transférase, acétate de plomb Abstract -Objective : This work is mainly devoted to the study of the toxic effect of lead acetate on the activity of the glutathione defense system in rats. Methods: This study was carried out on 40 male rats (Wistar Albino) divided into four groups, three of which were treated with intraperitoneal injection (ip) of three different doses of lead acetate: (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of body weight; the control group was treated (ip) with physiological water only, for one week. Results: The injection of rats with lead acetate caused a change in the biochemical and biological parameters, indicated particularly by an increase in the hepatosomatic index, especially in rats treated with large doses. Moreover, the serum concentration of glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, alkaline phosphatases and aminotransferases (ASAT and ALAT) increased significantly compared with the control group, whereas the serum protein content decreased significantly in treated rats with high doses compared ...

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The influence of high dietary calcium and phosphate on lead uptake and release

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

A Randomized Trial of Calcium Supplementation for Childhood Lead Poisoning

A Randomized Trial of Calcium Supplementation for Childhood Lead Poisoning

Chronic Lead Poisoning Prevention in Children with Calcium Supplementation

L’effet du stress oxydant induit par l’acétate de plomb sur le système enzymatique du glutathion chez les rats

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