The Influence of Grain Boundary Elements on Properties and Microstructures of P/M Nickel Base Superalloys

Huron, Eric S.; Bain, Kenneth; Mourer, D. P.; Schirra, J.J.; Reynolds, Paul L.; Montero, E. E.

doi:10.7449/2004/superalloys_2004_73_81

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The changes in various mechanical properties due to heat treatment in similar disk superalloys have been recently related to effects on microstructural features including morphology of the γ ′ precipitates [7], grain boundary serrations [8], and grain boundary carbides [9]. Processing-microstructure models are in active development [10,11] that could potentially model how processing paths can tailor such microstructural features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Heat Treatment and Microstructure Variations on Disk Superalloy Properties at High Temperature

Gabb¹,

Gayda²,

Telesman³

et al. 2008

Superalloys 2008 (Eleventh International Symposium)

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The effects of heat treatment and resulting microstructure variations on high temperature mechanical properties were assessed for a powder metallurgy disk superalloy LSHR. Blanks were consistently supersolvus solution heat treated and quenched at two cooling rates, than aged at varying temperatures and times. Tensile, creep, and dwell fatigue crack growth tests were then performed at 704°C. γ ′ precipitate microstructures were quantified. Relationships between heat treatment-microstructure, heat treatment-mechanical properties, and microstructuremechanical properties were assessed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Heat Treatment and Microstructure Variations on Disk Superalloy Properties at High Temperature

Gabb¹,

Gayda²,

Telesman³

et al. 2008

Superalloys 2008 (Eleventh International Symposium)

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“…To achieve the desired combination of properties, the resultant superalloy, known as ME3, possesses the requisite temperature properties at 704°C; this was achieved through careful control of the grain boundary chemistry and precipitates, and an optimum super solvus heat treatment that led to maximum performance within the operating conditions of interest. [9,10] Rolls Royce also developed a new powder disk alloy, RR1000, for a subsonic engine application. They applied past experience, as well as advanced thermodynamic modeling capability to predict phase stability and TCP formation.…”

Section: Innovation In Materials Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Superalloy Technology - A Perspective on Critical Innovations for Turbine Engines

Schafrik¹,

Sprague²

2008

KEM

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High temperature structural materials, such as nickel-based superalloys, have contributed immensely to societal benefit. These materials provide the backbone for many applications within key industries that include chemical and metallurgical processing, oil and gas extraction and refining, energy generation, and aerospace propulsion. Within this broad application space, the best known challenges tackled by these materials have arisen from the demand for large, efficient land-based power turbines and light-weight, highly durable aeronautical jet engines. So impressive has the success of these materials been that some have described the last half of the 20 th century as the Superalloy Age. Many challenges, technical and otherwise, were overcome to achieve successful applications. This paper highlights some of the key developments in nickel superalloy technology, principally from the perspective of aeronautical applications. In the past, it was not unusual for development programs to stretch out 10 to 20 years as the materials technology was developed, followed by the development of engineering practice, and lengthy production scaleup. And many developments fell by the wayside. Today, there continue to be many demands for improved high temperature materials. New classes of materials, such as intermetallics and ceramic materials, are challenging superalloys for key applications, given the conventional wisdom that superalloys are reaching their natural entitlement level. Therefore, multiple driving forces are converging that motivate improvements in the superalloy development process. This paper concludes with a description of a new development paradigm that emphasizes creativity, development speed, and customer value that can provide superalloys that meet new needs. IntroductionThe modern world has made great use of high strength structural materials to design facilities and equipment that we cannot live without. Structural materials are the backbone of any mechanical system since they must support the loads and endure the degradation modes of the operating environment. The critical roles played by materials that reliably serve under difficult conditions is impressive. For example, electric generating plants, oil refineries, chemical processing plants, industrial furnaces, and aircraft engines all depend on nickel-based superalloys. Our industrial age could hardly exist without the capabilities enabled by these materials. But the public is generally not aware of these materials since they are specialized and oftentimes are not directly observed.The aviation industry, with its current fleet of airplanes powered by fast, fuel efficient, quiet engines, would not be possible without superalloys. Jet engines are particularly challenging for structural materials since the operating environment is hot, loads are high to minimize weight, stiffness is crucial to maintain clearances throughout the operating envelope, critical structural components are buried deep within the engine and not easily accessible for inspe...

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“…The M 3 B 2 boride phase has not been widely shown to specifically impact mechanical properties, but is often observed in disk superalloys containing boron. This phase can have a solidus temperature only slightly higher than solution heat treatment temperatures [6], and therefore can limit solution heat treatment upper tolerance temperatures. Mo, Cr, and W often combine with B to form this phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structure, composition, fractions, and size distributions of carbide and boride phases can significantly influence the processing and mechanical properties of nickel-base superalloys [1][2][3][4][5][6], especially at elevated temperatures. MC carbides are stable up to very high temperatures near superalloy solidification, and therefore can help constrain grain growth during solution heat treatments above the gamma prime (γ ) solvus [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Computational Modeling of Minor Precipitate Phases in Alloy LSHR

Jou¹,

Olson²,

Gabb³

et al. 2012

Superalloys 2012 (Twelfth International Symposium)

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The minor phases of powder metallurgy disk superalloy LSHR were studied. Samples were consistently heat treated at three different temperatures for long times to approach equilibrium. Additional heat treatments were also performed for shorter times, to assess minor phase kinetics in non-equilibrium conditions. Minor phases including MC carbides, M 23 C 6 carbides, M 3 B 2 borides, and sigma were identified. Their average sizes and total area fractions were determined. CALPHAD thermodynamics databases and PrecipiCalc ® , a computational precipitation modeling tool, were employed with Ni-base thermodynamics and diffusion databases to model and simulate the phase microstructural evolution observed in the experiments with an objective to identify the model limitations and the directions of model enhancement.

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The Influence of Grain Boundary Elements on Properties and Microstructures of P/M Nickel Base Superalloys

Cited by 31 publications

References 3 publications

The Effects of Heat Treatment and Microstructure Variations on Disk Superalloy Properties at High Temperature

The Effects of Heat Treatment and Microstructure Variations on Disk Superalloy Properties at High Temperature

Superalloy Technology - A Perspective on Critical Innovations for Turbine Engines

Characterization and Computational Modeling of Minor Precipitate Phases in Alloy LSHR

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