The Influence of Exercise Order on Blood Lactate, Perceptual, and Affective Responses

Bellezza, Peter A.; Hall, Eric E.; Miller, Paul; Bixby, Walter R.

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181889156

Cited by 61 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The majority of subjects also expressed their subjective feelings of reduced abilities to exert force when the arm exercises where preceded by leg exercises. The latter is also supported by the findings of reduced training volume when exercises involving large muscle mass precede exercises involving small muscle groups (Bellezza et al 2009). The present findings indicate that the effects of acute elevations of hormones are not solely systemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Rønnestad¹,

Nygaard²,

Raastad

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Rønnestad, B. R., Nygaard, H., Raastad, T. (2011) ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of transiently elevated endogenous hormone concentrations during exercise on strength training adaptations. Nine subjects performed four unilateral strength training session per week on the elbow flexors for 11 weeks. During two of the weekly sessions, leg exercises were performed to acutely increase the systemic anabolic hormone concentration immediately before the exercises for one of the elbow flexors (L+A). On the two other weekly training sessions, the contralateral elbow flexors were trained without prior leg exercises (A). By randomizing one arm of the subjects to serve as a control and the other as experimental, both conditions have the same nutritional and genetic environment. Serum testosterone and growth hormone was significantly increased during the L+A training session, while no hormonal changes occurred in the A session. Both A and L+A increased 1RM in biceps curl, peak power in elbow flexors at 30% and 60% of 1RM, and muscle volume of the elbow flexors (p<0.05). However, only L+A achieved increase in CSA at the part of the arm flexors with largest cross sectional area (p<0.001), while no changes occurred in A. L+A had superior relative improvement in 1RM biceps curl and favorable muscle adaptations in elbow flexors compared to A (p<0.05). In conclusion, performing leg exercises prior to arm exercises, and thereby increasing the levels of serum testosterone and growth hormone, induced superior strength training adaptations compared to arm training without acute elevation of hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Rønnestad¹,

Nygaard²,

Raastad

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…Paralelamente, a [La] sanguíneo tem sido usada como um indicador da resposta metabólica ao TF 3,4,11,15,17,26,27 . Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo estão parcialmente de acordo com os achados da literatura 3,4,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Especificamente, a manipulação da ordem dos exercícios em sessões de TF e seu efeito sobre diferentes variáveis de desempenho e sobre o estresse metabólico tem despertado interesse da comunidade científica [3][4][5] . Neste sentido, alguns estudos agudos têm investigado como a sequência de exercícios partindo de grandes grupos musculares (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…concentrações de lactato sanguíneo [La]), a percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e o desempenho de diferentes manifestações da força muscular (e.g. força máxima e/ou resistência de força) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . Sabe-se que a manipulação da ordem dos exercícios possui associação direta com a magnitude do intervalo de descanso entre séries e exercícios, e com o volume total (VT) de uma sessão de treino 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Sabe-se que a manipulação da ordem dos exercícios possui associação direta com a magnitude do intervalo de descanso entre séries e exercícios, e com o volume total (VT) de uma sessão de treino 11,12 . Neste contexto, alguns investigadores têm observado que sessões de TF iniciadas por exercícios multiarticulares resultam em maiores VT, e consequentemente, em aumentos mais pronunciados nas [La] sanguíneo, o que pode afetar o desempenho da força muscular e o comportamento da PSE 1,[3][4][5] . No entanto, até o momento os estudos têm manipulado a ordem dos exercícios isolando segmentos corporais específicos (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Efeito da ordem dos exercícios de força sobre o volume, o lactato e o desempenho

Tavares

Ugrinowitsch

Silva

et al. 2017

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introdução: A alternância entre segmentos corporais para prescrição do treinamento de força (TF) é amplamente utilizada, entretanto seus efeitos permanecem desconhecidos. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito agudo da manipulação da ordem dos exercícios do TF, alternando segmentos corporais, sobre a força dinâmica máxima (1 RM) de membros inferiores (MMII) e superiores (MMSS), a concentração de lactato sanguíneo [La], a percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e o volume total de treino (VT). Métodos: Dezoito homens (23,1 ± 3,8 anos; 78,4 ± 8,6 kg; 1,72 ± 0,06 m) executaram três condições de TF: condição A (supino reto, desenvolvimento, rosca Scott, meio-agachamento, leg press, cadeira extensora); condição B (meio-agachamento, leg press, cadeira extensora, supino reto, desenvolvimento, rosca Scott) e condição C (supino reto, meio-agachamento, desenvolvimento, leg press, rosca Scott e cadeira extensora). Os exercícios foram executados com três séries de 10 RM. Os testes de 1 RM para MMII e MMSS foram realizados nas semanas iniciais e após as condições experimentais. Descritores: fadiga; ácido láctico; tolerância ao exercício. (23.1±3.8 years; 78.4±8.6 kg; 1.72±0.06 m) performed three ST conditions: condition A: (bench press, shoulder press, preacher arm curl, half squat, leg press, leg extension); condition B (half squat, leg press, leg extension, bench press, shoulder press, preacher arm curl) and condition C (bench press, half squat, shoulder press, leg press, preacher arm curl, leg extension (16,169.4 ± 2,562.5 kg) was higher than conditions A (13,222.2 ± 2,010.4 kg) and B (13,989.8 ± 2223.4 kg) (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results suggest that only TV and the metabolic demand were more affected by the order of exercises. ABSTRACT Introduction: The alternation between body segments for prescription of strength training (ST) is widely used; however, its effects remain unknown. Objective: To verify the acute effect of the manipulation of the order of ST exercises, alternating body segments, on the maximum dynamic force (1 RM) of lower limbs (LL) and upper limbs (UL), blood lactate [La] concentration, subjective perception of effort (SPE) and the total training volume (TV). Methods: Eighteen men

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Strength and hypertrophy with resistance training: chasing a hormonal ghost

Rønnestad¹,

Nygaard²,

Raastad

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Professor Phillips (2011) is correct in stating that in our recent paper (Rønnestad et al. 2011), we report in our abstract that "…only L + A achieved increase in CSA at the part of the arm Xexors with largest cross sectional area (p < 0.001), while no changes occurred in A". However, when he claims that it is misleading that we do not mention in the abstract that both L + A and A increased cross sectional area (CSA) at the two sites with the smallest CSA, we feel that this has been taken out of context. In the previous sentence quoted by Professor Phillips, we clearly state that: "Both A and L + A increased in…muscle volume of the elbow Xexors", thereby pointing towards an increased CSA at some measured sections of the elbow Xexors also in A. Since only the major results could be presented in the abstract, and we had presented the changes in muscle volume from the measured sections, we felt that it was unnecessary to explicitly mention that L + A achieved increased CSA at all four measured sites of the elbow Xexors (including the two largest sites), while A only achieved increased CSA at the two smallest sites. However, these results are of course mentioned in the results section. Furthermore, Professor Phillips claims that incomplete statistical analyses were performed since it was not mentioned explicitly that there was no diVerence between groups in changes in muscle volume or CSA at the measured sites. However, in the section on statistics we clearly described the statistical procedures we used to test for diVerences in relative changes from pre-to post for each of these measurements. It is correct that we did not explicitly mention that there was no diVerence between groups in these measurements, and the reason was simply that there is a practice in the literature that if no diVerence is stated, then there is no diVerence. In the same way, we did mention explicitly that there were diVerences between L + A and A in relative gains in 1RM and a tendency towards a diVerence in peak power output at 60% of 1RM. We did not Wnd any statistical signiWcant diVerences between L + A and A in any of the four measured CSA sections or in muscle volume (as calculated based on the four measured sites) and we did not state in our paper that there was a signiWcant diVerence between L + A and A in these measurements. In fact, at the site of the elbow Xexors with the largest CSA, there was a tendency towards a larger increase in CSA in L + A compared to A (p = 0.08), but in an attempt to be conservative in our presentation of the results; we did not mention this in the paper. Indeed, we reported that L + A only achieved a signiWcant increase in CSA at the two sites where the elbow Xexors had the largest CSA, while A had no statistical signiWcant increase at these sites. Based on these Wndings, it is not strange that there was not a statistical signiWcant diVerence between L + A and A in changes in muscle volume. We do not think that the A arm got longer as Prof. Phillips has implied. Furthermore, we want to emphasize that in th...

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The Influence of Exercise Order on Blood Lactate, Perceptual, and Affective Responses

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Efeito da ordem dos exercícios de força sobre o volume, o lactato e o desempenho

Strength and hypertrophy with resistance training: chasing a hormonal ghost

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