The Influence of Distributed Generation on the Operation of the Power System, Based on the Example of PV Micro-Installations

Abstract

This article describes the problems associated with distributed electrical power generation and the most frequent interruptions occurring in power grids. The most common methods of improving the quality of the power supply were analyzed and the possibilities offered by energy storages in this respect were considered. The operating parameters of an exemplary PV system connected to the power grid were analyzed. For this purpose, the model implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment was used. Based on the conducted analysis and a review of the literature, conclusions were drawn and solutions were presented which could improve the quality and the reliability of power supply. The simulations conducted focused on the co-operation of individual photovoltaic, micro-installations, with rated powers of 12.2, 19.825, and 39.65 Kw in the power grid, which also corresponds to the co-operation of several, smaller micro-installations with low density.

Modular PV System for Applications in Prosumer Installations with Uncontrolled, Unbalanced and Non-Linear Loads

“…According to the Polish grid connection codes [4], the installation of PV panels with capacity up to the customer's contracted power does not require the permission of the distributed network operator (DSO), and so, the network hosting capacity is not verified. In these conditions, the high penetration of PV sources may negatively affect the network operating conditions and result in deterioration of the quality of the energy delivered to end-users [5][6][7][8][9]. One of the most serious threats is an excessive voltage rise in the network nodes caused by the change of electricity flow during periods of high PV generation when Energies 2024, 17, 1594 2 of 12 excess power in the prosumer installation is introduced to the network.…”

Integration of PV Sources in Prosumer Installations Eliminating Their Negative Impact on the Supplying Grid and Optimizing the Microgrid Operation

“…It is obvious that these phenomena negatively affect power quality (PQ), result in additional power and energy losses, and can cause disruptions in the operation of prosumer installations and the supplying network [8][9][10][11][12]. A major problem for prosumers is switching-off the PV inverters due to the effect of unacceptable voltage rise [7,13].…”

Application of the Energy Efficiency Mathematical Model to Diagnose Photovoltaic Micro-Systems

“…Research conducted in France and Belgium on more than 10,000 systems has demonstrated lower micro-system efficiency by 16% [1]. Therefore, optimizing the energy efficiency of PV micro-systems, which should be taken into account not only at the engineering stage but also during operation, is an important aspect [2][3][4]. Maintaining the highest efficiency level of PV systems throughout their operation requires reliable and rapid servicing and diagnosing [5][6][7].…”