The influence of diet on Lawsonia intracellularis colonization in pigs upon experimental challenge

Boesen, H. T.; Jensen, Tim Kåre; Schmidt, Anja; Jensen, Bent Borg; Jensen, Søren Munk; Möller, Kristian

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.06.008

Cited by 54 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Hygienic conditions described as inadequate by several authors (McOrist et al 1993, Pearce 1997, Stege et al 2000, Boesen et al 2004, were detected, and could be related to the onset of the outbreaks. More recently, the agent Li has been antigenically demonstrated to be the same independently of the affected species (Smith & Lawson 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Peixoto

França

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-[Surto de Enteropatia Proliferativa (Lawsonia intracellularis) em coelhos no Brasil.] Descreve-se um surto de infecção por Lawsonia intracellularis em coelhos em Mendes, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A doença manifestou-se, de forma aguda (24-48 horas), com sintomatologia caracterizada por diarréia marrom ou esverdeada, e desidratação. Ocasionalmente, os animais morriam um dia após o início da diarréia, sem apresentar outros sintomas. À necropsia verificou-se íleo proeminente, firme, com parede muito espessada, progressivamente dilatado no sentido caudal e com aspecto algo reticulado perceptível através da serosa. A mucosa espessada tinha aspecto finamente corrugado e superfície brilhante. A válvula íleo-cecal e imediações do ceco encontravam-se um pouco edemaciadas e irregulares. Occasionally, the animals died one day after the onset of diarrhea, without showing any other clinical signs. At necropsy, the ileum was prominent, firm and had a thickened wall; it was dilated in the caudal direction and had a somewhat reticulated appearance, perceptible through the serosa. The thickened mucous membrane had finely corrugated aspect and a shiny surface. The ileocecal valve and surrounding areas were slightly edematous and irregular. The Peyer's patches were sometimes more evident. There was moderate enlargement of the mesenteric lymph nodes. The histological examination revealed different degrees of hyperplasia of the epithelial cells of intestinal crypts consisting of poorly differentiated, hyperchromatic cells with high mitotic index, arranged in a pseudostratified layer which, in some cases, reached the apical portions of the villi. The inflammatory infiltrate between the hyperplastic epithelial cells was composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, some eosinophils and globular leukocytes. Silver impregnation revealed large numbers of bacteria with morphology of the genus Lawsonia in the apical pole of cryptal enterocytes. These bacteria reacted positively to a Lawsonia intracellularis polyclonal antibody by the avidin-biotin immunohistochemistry method.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Peixoto

França

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…Como observado por diversos autores (Love et al 1977, Rowland & Hutchings 1978, McOrist et al 1992, Guedes et al 2002b, Boesen et al 2004, as lesões macroscópi-cas associadas à EP foram mais expressivas no íleo; outros segmentos intestinais apresentavam lesões mais discretas (Morés et al 1985, Jones et al 1993, McOrist et al 1993, Segalés et al 2001. Geralmente, havia lesões necrótico-hemorrágicas, além das lesões proliferativas características.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Surtos de Enteropatia Proliferativa Hemorrágica (Lawsonia intracelullaris) em suínos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

França¹,

Ribeiro²,

Júnior³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Outbreaks of infection of swine with Lawsonia intracelullaris in the state of Rio de Janeiro are described. The symptomathology was characterized by bloody diarrhea with peracute course. Postmortem findings were pale organs and tissues, reticulate aspect of the ileum with its mucosa moderately thickened nad contained large amounts of partially coagulated blood. Histopathological examination revealed hyperplastic epithelial cell proliferation of the Lieberkühn crypts, sometimes associated with inflammatory and necrotic alterations. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of large amounts of bacteria in the cytoplasm of the cryptal epithelial cells. L. intracellularis was also seen by ultramicroscopic examination. These outbreaks occurred in 1987 and this is the first report of the disease in the state of Rio de Janeiro.INDEX TERMS: Lawsonia intracellularis, Proliferative Haemorrhagic Enteropathy, swine, Rio de Janeiro.

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“…Fermentation of liquid pig feed by LABs occurs naturally on farms but the organisms responsible and the extent of the fermentation is uncontrolled. The literature on the efficacy of fermented liquid feeds (FLF) indicates that they are generally positive in terms of reducing pathogen load in feed and environment (van der Wolf et al, 2001;van Winsen et al, 2002), improving growth/production parameters (Kyriakis et al, 1999), and reducing carriage of pathogens in pigs fed on FLF compared to conventionally fed animals (Boesen et al, 2004). However, there is consistent production of research studies showing that the gains associated with feeding FLF are marginal, at best (e.g.…”

Section: Fermented Liquid Feedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics – do they have a role in the pig industry?

Kenny

Smidt

Mengheri

et al. 2011

Animal

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The delivery of certain living microorganisms in food has long been suggested as having positive health effects in humans. This practice has extended into food animal production, with a variety of microorganisms being used; lactic acid bacteria, variousBacillusspecies and the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaehave been particularly used in the pig industry. The increased interest in probiotics is essentially due to the problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics and following the ban of the use of antibiotics in animal production, probiotics being considered an alternative means to reduce pathogen infection and improve animal health especially around the time of weaning. However, there is still a need to clarify the probiotic effectiveness in pigs, and the underlying mechanisms. When assessing the efficacy of probiotics one must consider the particular strain of organism being used and the production stage of the pigs being treated. The reproducible delivery of probiotics in industrial pig production is problematic as maintenance of viability is key to their beneficial activity, but difficult to achieve with commonly used feed processing technologies. One specific context where probiotics organisms may be reliably delivered is in systems utilising fermented liquid feeds. Liquid feed may be fermented by the activity of wild lactic acid bacteria or may be stimulated using specific isolates as ‘starters’; the latter system has advantages in terms of reproducibility and speed of fermentation. The farm context in which the organism is used is likely to be critical; the use of probiotics is more likely to result in measurable economic gains in animals living in sub-optimal conditions rather than in those reared in the highest welfare and husbandry conditions. The establishment of a beneficial lactic acid bacteria population at birth may lead to healthier animals, this may be most effectively achieved by treating sows, which provide an amplification step and flood the neonatal pigs’ environment with desirable bacterial strains. In contrast, it may be sufficient to provide a supportive, protective microbiota around the time of weaning as this is a time of major crisis with instability and loss of certain bacterial populations.

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The influence of diet on Lawsonia intracellularis colonization in pigs upon experimental challenge

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Surtos de Enteropatia Proliferativa Hemorrágica (Lawsonia intracelullaris) em suínos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Probiotics – do they have a role in the pig industry?

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