The Influence of Copper on Halogenation/Dehalogenation Reactions of Aromatic Compounds and Its Role in the Destruction of Polyhalogenated Aromatic Contaminants

Abstract

The effect of copper and its compounds on halogenation and dehalogenation of aromatic compounds will be discussed in the proposed article. Cu oxidized to appropriate halides is an effective halogenation catalyst not only for the synthesis of halogenated benzenes or their derivatives as desired organic fine chemicals, but is also an effective catalyst for the undesirable formation of thermodynamically stable and very toxic polychlorinated and polybrominated aromatic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans accompanied incineration of waste contaminated with halogenated compounds or even inorganic halides. With appropriate change in reaction conditions, copper and its alloys or oxides are also able to effectively catalyze dehalogenation reactions, as will be presented in this review.

The influence of pesticides on the corrosion of a Roman bowl excavated in Kent, UK

“…Chlorobenzenes of lower substitution number are less toxic and more susceptible to microbial degradation [26][27][28] , with eventual mineralization into carbon dioxide, water and chloride ions 29,30 . The presence of metals 31 , including copper [32][33][34][35] , catalyse the degradation of HCB, with the opposite effect observed when co-existing chlorobenzenes are present under a neutral to alkaline pH 36,37 .…”

Highlighting the Underrated Side of the High Profile Nitroso Entity as a Nucleophile

“…[57] Similar observations have been noted with acyl chlorides and carboxylic acids. [58] The initial HX addition to the N À O bond of nitrosoaromatics for their regioselective Cu (II)-catalysed halogenation, a vibrant research area with diverse applications, [59,60] bears an analogy το Scheme 14.…”

Copper-Catalyzed Reactions of Aryl Halides with N-Nucleophiles and Their Possible Application for Degradation of Halogenated Aromatic Contaminants

“…Furthermore, Ar-Xs are the chemicals necessary for the production of industrially important dyes, pigments, and a broad group of biologically active species such as pesticides and drugs. Ar-Xs are even directly used as biocides (2,4,6-tribromophenol used as a wood preservative or fungicide, Triclosan or Triclocarban used as antibacterial agents, chlorhexidine or chloroxylenol used as disinfectants, etc. [1]).…”