The influence of combined pretreatment with surfactant/ultrasonic and hydrothermal carbonization on fuel properties, pyrolysis and combustion behavior of corn stalk

Effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic process on digestion performance of wheat straw

“…33 Therefore, less pretreatment time was observed in ultrasonic inuenced samples. Similar trend was observed by Xu et al 19 for ultrasonic addition during corn straw pretreatment. Similarly, Fig.…”

“…18 The ultrasonic application during pretreatment are reported to increase structural disruption and process effectiveness for lignocellulosic biomasses, waste sludge, and many environmental processes. [19][20][21] Specically, combination of ultrasonic-assisted alkali pretreatment has shown signicant improvements in biodegradation efficiency of digesters dealing with agricultural waste. Preeti et al 18 achieved 80% of delignication by applying ultrasonic assisted pretreatment to waste newspaper.…”

Mild hydrothermally treated brewer's spent grain for efficient removal of uranyl and rare earth metal ions

“…In this case, the N-containing groups may be incorporated into ABSG via Maillard reaction. 39 In order to further investigate the reaction type during hydrothermal treatment, H/C atomic ratios versus O/C atomic ratios of different samples and reference materials are plotted in van Krevelen diagram 40 as shown in Fig. 2.…”

“…Both reaction pathways contribute to the lower H/C and O/C ratios of ABSG. 40 In addition, the decrease of the H/C ratio also indicates aromatization mechanism during the hydrothermal conversion. 41 It is noteworthy that all the reaction mechanisms, dehydration, decarboxylation, aromatization as well as Maillard reaction do not take place in consecutive steps, but rather in a parallel network of different pathways leading to the properties of ABSG.…”

Evaluation of Crystalline Cellulose of Corn Straw through Different Pretreatments Via X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy

“…Therefore, pretreatments of corn stalks have a vital influence on utilization process, which can remove the lignin and hemicellulose and reduce the crystallinity of cellulose. Numerous pretreatments methods of corn stalk have been reported ， but few people pay attention to the crystallinity of crystalline cellulose (Behera et al, 2014;Rastogi et al, 2017;Hassan et al,2018;Huang et al,2018;Kojima et al,2019;Ponnusamy et al,2019;Xu et al,2019) The study compared of four pretreatments methods that is oven drying, steaming, complex enzymolysis and fermentation by Candida utilis and Pachysolen tannophilus, evaluating the crystallinity of crystalline cellulose after treated with the aid of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. At the same time, the corn stalks's utilization rate of reducing sugar and the output of protein feed have been increased (Chen and Zhang, 2008;Luo et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018).…”