The influence of changes in fuel calorific value to combustion performance for Siemens SGT-300 dry low emission combustion system

Liu, Kexin; Sanderson, Victoria

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.068

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Some effect of the change in the composition is also observed in the engine test points. The higher content of N2 in the mixture results in higher NOx emissions [21,22]. The good agreement between the rig test and engine performance provides confidence in the translation of the rig results presented in this paper to the engine scale.…”

Section: The Sgt-300-1s Standard Engine Performance For Wi From30to49supporting

confidence: 60%

“…The emissions of UHCs are low and demonstrated the high combustion efficiency in nonadverse effects by the reduction in the WI. The NOx emissions are sensitive to the selection of diluents; generally, more NOx is produced if N2 is selected, however, the combustion dynamic pressure seems to be insensitive to the selection of the diluents [21,22]. A measurement of the combustion dynamic pressure ensured confidence in the combustion stability with variations in the WI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Liu¹,

Alexander²,

Sanderson³

et al. 2013

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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The extension of gas fuel flexibility in the Siemens SGT-300 single shaft is reported. A successful development program has increased the capability of the Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery, Lincoln (STTL) diy low emissions (DLE) burner configuration to a fuel range covering a Wobbe index (Wl)from 15 to 49MJISm^. The WI reported in this paper is at a 15 °C fuel temperature. The standard SGT-300-1S SITL DLE combustion hardware allows for gas and liquid fuels within a specified range typically associated with natural gas and diesel, respectively. The range of the WI associated with natural gas is 37^9 MJ/Sm^. Eietd operation of the standard production SGT-300-1S has confinned the reliable operation with an extension to the fuels range to include processed landfill gas (PLG) from 30 to 49MJISm^. The further extension of the fuel range for the SGT-300-1S SITL DLE combustion system was achieved through high pressure testing of a single combustion system at engine operating conditions and representative fuels. The variations in the fuel heating value were achieved by blending natural gas with diluent CO2 and/or N2. Various diagnostics were used to assess the performance of the combustion system, including the measurement of combustion dynamics, temperature, fuel supply pressure, and the emissions of N0" CO, and unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs). The results of the testing showed that the standard production burner can operate for a fuel with a WI as low as 23 MJISm^, which corresponds to 35% CO2 (by volume) in the fuel. This range can be extended to l5MJISm^ (54.5% CO2 in the fuel) with only minor modification to control losses through the burner and to maintain similar fuel injection characteristics. The SITL DLE combustion system is able to cover a WI range of 15 to 49MJISm^ in two configurations. The results of testing showed a lowering in the WI, by diluting with CO2 and/or N2, so that a benefit in the NO,, reduction is observed. This decrease in the WI may lead to an increased requirement of the fuel supply pressure.

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Section: The Sgt-300-1s Standard Engine Performance For Wi From30to49supporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Liu¹,

Alexander²,

Sanderson³

et al. 2013

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

Self Cite

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“…The increase of flame thickness can be seen in CO2 diluted flames: for a given equivalence ratio, the higher the dilution rate, the thicker the flame [15,16]. Weaker flameholding was also found by Liu et al [6,7] with bumer metal temperatures reducing as more diluent was added, and which also indicates the change in flame position and size [6,18,24]. Weaker flameholding was also found by Liu et al [6,7] with bumer metal temperatures reducing as more diluent was added, and which also indicates the change in flame position and size [6,18,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The considerations for such nonstandard fuels for industrial gas turbine combustion systems are the robustness of the combustor to autoignition, flashback, acceptable combustion dynamic pressure amplitude, and emissions and neutral flameholding [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], This presents a design challenge for industrial gas turbines to ensure reliability with varying fuels across an operational range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For normal MCV fuel the problems associated with lean blowout, such as weaker flameholding and higher combustion dynamic pressure amplitude when diluent concentration approaches the critical point, can be controlled by pilot fuel schedule [6,7,13] hence the operation of such fuel should not be a problem, however, the increased mass flow of fuel with increasing diluent leads to a requirement for higher supply pressure [6,7] and minor modifications ofthe fuel injection design may be required [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Change in Fuel Compositions and Heating Value on Ignition and Performance for Siemens SGT-400 Dry Low Emission Combustion System

Liu¹,

Martin²,

Sanderson³

et al. 2013

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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The influence of changes in fuel composition and heating value on the performance of an industrial gas turbine combustor was investigated. The combustor tested was a single cannular combustor for Siemens SGT-400 13.4 MW dry low emission engine. Ignition, engine starting, emissions, combustion dynamics, and flash back through burner metal temperature monitoring were among the parameters investigated to evaluate the impact of fuel fiexibility on combustor performance. Lean ignition and extinction limits were measured for three fuels with different heat values in term ofWobbe Index (WI): 25, 28.9, and 45 MJISm (natural gas). The test results show that the air fuel ratio at lean ignition/ extinction limits decreases and the margin between the two limits tends to be smaller as fuel heat value decreases. Engine start tests were also performed with a lower heating value fuel and results were found to be comparable to those for engine starting with natural gas. The combustor was further tested in a high pressure air facility at real engine operating conditions with different fuels covering WIsfrom 17.5 to 70MJISm^. The variation in fuel composition and heating value was achieved in a gas mixing plant by blending natural gas with CO2, CO, N2, and H2 (for the fuel with WI lower than natural gas) and CjHg (for the fuel with WI higher than natural gas). Test results show that a benefit in NO^ reduction can be seen for the lower WI fuels without H2 presence in the fuel and there are no adverse impacts on combustor performance except for the requirement of higher fuel supply pressure, however, this can be easily resolved by minor modification through the fuel injection design. Test results for the H2 enriched and higher WI fuels show that NOx, combustion dynamics and flash back have been adversely affected and major change in burner design is required. For the H2 enriched fuel, the effect of CO and H2 on combustor performance was also investigated for the fuels having a fixed WI of 29MJISm^. It is found that H2 dominates the adverse impact on combustor performance. The chemical kinetic study shows that H2 has significant effect on flame speed change and CO has significant effect on flame temperature change. Although the tests were performed on the Siemens SGT-400 combustion system, the results provide gener-al guidance for the challenge of industrial gas turbine burner design for fuel flexibility.

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Techno‐economic assessment on the fuel flexibility of a commercial scale combined cycle gas turbine integrated with a CO ₂ capture plant

et al. 2020

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The influence of changes in fuel calorific value to combustion performance for Siemens SGT-300 dry low emission combustion system

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Effect of Change in Fuel Compositions and Heating Value on Ignition and Performance for Siemens SGT-400 Dry Low Emission Combustion System

Techno‐economic assessment on the fuel flexibility of a commercial scale combined cycle gas turbine integrated with a CO ₂ capture plant

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The influence of changes in fuel calorific value to combustion performance for Siemens SGT-300 dry low emission combustion system

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Extension of Fuel Flexibility in the Siemens Dry Low Emissions SGT-300-1S to Cover a Wobbe Index Range of 15 to 49 MJ/Sm3

Effect of Change in Fuel Compositions and Heating Value on Ignition and Performance for Siemens SGT-400 Dry Low Emission Combustion System

Techno‐economic assessment on the fuel flexibility of a commercial scale combined cycle gas turbine integrated with a CO 2 capture plant

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Product

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Techno‐economic assessment on the fuel flexibility of a commercial scale combined cycle gas turbine integrated with a CO ₂ capture plant