The influence of biogeographic history on the functional and phylogenetic diversity of passerine birds in savannas and forests of the Brazilian Amazon

Almeida, Sara Miranda; Juen, Leandro; Sobral, Fernando Landa; Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas

doi:10.1002/ece3.3904

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Although it is expected that severe habitats such as savannas (Almeida, Juen, Sobral, & Dantas Santos, 2018) and agricultural landscapes (Deikumah, Kwafo, & Konadu, 2017) tend to harbour assemblages with lower PD because the persistence of some lineages is jeopardized, we found the opposite pattern; forest assemblages exhibited lower PD than those located in farmlands. This result indicates that, although farmland intensification has led to a sharp F I G U R E 3 Temporal trends in (a) phylogenetic (SES PD ) and generic functional (SES Rao ) diversity, and (b) multidimensional functional diversity metrics (FRic, FDiv and FEve) over the study period (2002-2014 (Farina, 1997).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Structurecontrasting

confidence: 81%

Farmland bird assemblages exhibit higher functional and phylogenetic diversity than forest assemblages in France

García‐Navas

Thuiller

2020

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim: Under a global change scenario, research focused on changes in assembly patterns over spatial and temporal axes is paramount. Despite an increasing need to assess whether associations among diversity and community metrics change in relation to environmental heterogeneity, the way in which community assembly rules vary across habitats has been hardly explored. Here, we tested for differences in patterns of functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) between farmland and forest bird communities in order to improve our understanding about how biological communities respond to anthropogenic disturbances. Location: Continental France. Taxon: 107 species of common birds. Methods: We used an extensive dataset (13 years; 7,115 bird communities) from the French Breeding Bird survey in conjunction with a matrix of 142 functional traits (including information on habitat, diet, life-stories, behaviour and morphology) to compute different metrics of FD and PD and examine how these vary between habitat types and across time. Results: We found that farmland assemblages showed higher FD and PD than forest assemblages, which were phylogenetically clustered. Both FD and PD of forest assemblages increased with increasing species richness, whereas in farmland assemblages the relationship was asymptotic in both cases. This pattern may be due to the accumulation of generalists, which can end up displacing specialist species when the environment becomes oversaturated triggering a decline in diversity. Contrary to expectations, FD and PD of farmland assemblages increased over the study period, whereas forest assemblages showed a non-linear pattern. Farmland and forest assemblages also showed divergent trajectories over time in relation to FD metrics. Main conclusions: Although farmland intensification led to a sharp decline in populations of farmland birds, agricultural landscapes in southern Europe still harbour diversity-rich communities probably due to the legacy effects of past land-use (traditional practices). Our study highlights the need to take into account the influence of historical landscape configurations when assessing the effect that contemporary land uses have on biotic communities.

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Section: Phylogenetic Structurecontrasting

confidence: 81%

Farmland bird assemblages exhibit higher functional and phylogenetic diversity than forest assemblages in France

García‐Navas

Thuiller

2020

Journal of Biogeography

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“…One measure of biodiversity, in particular, phylogenetic diversity (PD; Faith, 1992), has generated a lot of interest (e.g. Cadotte et al, 2010;Morlon et al, 2011;Weinstein et al, 2014;Honorio Coronado et al, 2015;Nunes et al, 2015;da Silva et al, 2016;Moura et al, 2017;Almeida et al, 2018). PD measures the phylogenetic distance among all species present in a community and compares this distance against the total phylogenetic diversity of the taxa in a particular region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in phylogenetic diversity of communities of Atlantic Forest harvestmen (Opiliones, Arachnida)

Nogueira

Bragagnolo

Dasilva

et al. 2019

Insect Conserv Diversity

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The study of diversity has become increasingly sophisticated, including the use of measures of phylogenetic diversity. We calculate the spatial variation in species richness, taxonomic beta diversity, and alpha and beta phylogenetic diversity (PDα and PDβ, respectively) of Atlantic Forest harvestman communities using a data set containing 556 species from 68 sites, distributed in 12 Brazilian states. We compare the congruence of phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity patterns, and also compare PDα with null model expectations, to check for phylogenetic clustering or overdispersion in communities. Species richness and PDα are correlated, peaking in southern and south‐eastern coastal sites and decreasing towards the interior and towards the north‐east. PDα in north‐eastern sites was higher than expected, while a clustered phylogenetic pattern characterised most other sites. Communities in the southern and south‐eastern regions were dominated by species from the large family Gonyleptidae, presenting a high richness and a low PDα. As the dominance of Gonyleptidae decreased towards the north, where local communities have fewer species, but a higher PDα, they contain representatives of other families. The beta diversity was more sensitive to the compositional changes involving closely related Gonyleptidae species, while PDβ is more influenced by deeper phylogenetic compositional changes, between more distant lineages. Phylogenetic diversity may be of special importance to assess the conservation value of distantly related lineages. These species‐poor groups are less likely to influence taxonomic‐based diversity analyses, but their importance for conservation arises from their phylogenetic distinctiveness, captured by PDα and PDβ measures.

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“…Many studies have demonstrated the importance of habitat structure for the composition, richness and guild structure of birds in the Brazilian Amazon (Cintra et al 2006;Banks-Leite and Cintra 2008;Cintra and Cancelli 2008;Lees and Peres 2010;Menger et al 2017). Comparatively few studies on Amazonian birds have considered functional diversity, evaluating the effects of monoculture (Almeida et al 2016), phytophysiognomies and biogeography (Almeida et al 2018), urbanization (Lees and Moura 2017) and wildfire (Hidasi-Neto et al 2012) on this trait. However, little is known about the response of forest bird functional diversity to forested habitat structure in the Amazon (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental structure affects taxonomic diversity but not functional structure of understory birds in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2019

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Changes in environmental characteristics can affect habitat use by birds, impacting the number of individuals, number of species, and changing species composition and functional structure of assemblages. Metrics that evaluate the functional structure of biological assemblages constitute a complementary tool to the traditional taxonomic approach, because they quantify the differences between species by means of functional traits. We assessed the effect of environmental characteristics on the taxonomic diversity (species richness, species composition and number of individuals) and functional structure (functional richness, functional evenness, Rao’s functional diversity, and community-weighted mean traits) of bird assemblages in northern Mato Grosso state, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. We sampled birds in 32 plots. At each plot birds were captured using mist nets, and eight environmental variables were measured: canopy openness, leaf litter, elevation, number of trees in three classes of DBH, soil clay content, and distance to nearest stream. To evaluate functional structure, we measured seven morphological traits from individuals of each bird species. Habitat variables had a significant effect on taxonomic diversity. However, the general functional structure was not affected. Elevation and distance to nearest stream were the main variables driving changes in taxonomic diversity and had a minor effect on functional richness. The other metrics of functional structure were not significantly affected by the set of environmental variables. Our results suggest that the sampled bird assemblages exhibit some functional tolerance (redundancy) to small-scale environmental variation, implying certain resilience to ecosystem modification.

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The influence of biogeographic history on the functional and phylogenetic diversity of passerine birds in savannas and forests of the Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

Farmland bird assemblages exhibit higher functional and phylogenetic diversity than forest assemblages in France

Farmland bird assemblages exhibit higher functional and phylogenetic diversity than forest assemblages in France

Spatial variation in phylogenetic diversity of communities of Atlantic Forest harvestmen (Opiliones, Arachnida)

Environmental structure affects taxonomic diversity but not functional structure of understory birds in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon

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