The influence of auxins, light and cell differentiation on solasodine production bySolanum eleagnifolium Cav. calli

Abstract

The effect of auxins, light and cellular production ofSolanum eleagnifolium Cav. calli were studied. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (4.5 μM) was the plant growth regulator used for calli initiation and this produced the highest solasodine concentration. The solasodine concentration in darkness was significantly lower than that achieved under a photoperiod of 16 h. Differentiated tissue obtained by adequate hormonal balance (several ratios of 3-indolebutyric acid to 6-benzylaminopurine) produced higher yields of solasodine than non-differentiated tissue. 3-indolebutyric acid (2.5 μM) and 6-benzylaminopurine (8.8 μM) increased the productivity of solasodine by 100%.

Genetic diversity of Solanum elaeagnifolium, an invasive problematic weed in Jordan

“…However, differences in weed morphology were inconsistent across sites, which may reflect a survival strategy that noxious weeds exhibit to escape ecological hazards including salinity (Qasem, ). The production of alkaloids may be also implicated in the species (Nigra et al ., ) survival under stress conditions against grazing animals (Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board, ). On the other hand, plants in deep fertile soils attained high vegetative growth and spines on the stem were dense, sporadic or sometimes absent, and this was clearly observed for plants growing around ponds or in irrigated fields.…”

In Vitro Plant Cultures as Biofactories

“…Although the biosynthesis of a secondary metabolite can take place in all the tissues and cells of the plant, usually the synthesis of some metabolites is restricted to specifi c tissues and even to specifi c cells (Nigra et al 1989 ;Luckner 1990 ). That can be associated to a lack of expression of genes that control essential pathway steps in non-specialized cells, a deviation of substrates form the biochemical pathway, an inoperability of the transport mechanisms that allow the removal of potentially toxic end products, the unavailability of secondary metabolites characteristics storage sites, and the catabolic deregulation of the synthesized product.…”

“…The media composition (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources) affects both the primary as the secondary metabolism (Nigra et al 1989 ;Shinde et al 2009 ;Karwasara and Dixit 2012 ).…”

In vitro production of solasodine from Solanum trilobatum

“…Hence, the pharmaceutical industry is exploring alternative methods such as in vitro production of natural compounds. Manipulating the cultural conditions such as concentration and combinations of growth regulators, quality and quantity of radiation, carbon source, inoculum size, temperature and macronutrients alter the rate of secondary metabolite production (Nigra et al 1989, Yu et al 1996, Rao and Ravishankar 2002, Bhatnagar et al 2004, Xu et al 2008. In vitro regeneration potential was high in S. trilobatum (Rejitha et al 2002, Alagumanian et al 2004).…”