The inflammatory response of rainbow trout*

Abstract

The basic responses of piscine tissues to inflammatory agents were investigated, using light microscopy. Tissue sections, smears and blood smears were examined. The period studied was from 3 h to 16 days after initial injury at 15" C . The piscine inflammatory response was compared to that of mammals, especially that of mice. The responses examined were basically similar to those of msmmals. They varied by being less intense and slower to appear and resolve.

Characterization of the acute inflammatory response in the hybrid tambacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus male × Colossoma macropomum female) (Osteichthyes)

“…Carrageenin injection caused the highest inflammatory reaction in the tropical fish tambacu six hours after whereas White et al (1981) related the same response in P. platessa four days after carrageenin injection. By supporting the above statement, the hypotheses that fish from a tropical climate respond more rapidly to inflammation and wound healing than those maintained in a temperate climate must be emphasized (Finn and Nielsen, 1971). LPS and E. coli intraperitoneally injected in P. platessa provoked a migration three times superior than the normal leucocyte number, as related by MacArthur et al (1984).…”

“…Later, the inflammatory response was evaluated by ink injection (Ellis et al, 1976), complete Freund's adjuvant and Staphylococcus aureus (Finn and Nielsen, 1971), carrageenin (Timur et al, 1977), Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), complete Freund's adjuvant, turpentine and carrageenin (White et al, 1981), Vibrio alginolyticus (MacArthur et al, 1984), liquid paraffin (Suzuki, 1986), Edwardsiella ictaluri LPS (Saeed and Plumb, 1986), Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Aeromonas punctata (Siwicki and Studnicka, 1987), Aeromonas salmonicida (Reite and Evensen, 1994), LPS (Brunetti et al, 1994), Freund's adjuvant and squalene (Jenkins and Klesius, 1998), microcystin (Vajcová et al, 1998), Escherichia coli , peptidoglican (Kono and Sakai, 2001), beta-glucan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Salmonella typhimurium LPS (Paulsen et al, 2001) and Mycobacterium marinum (Gauthier et al, 2003). In these studies, the inflammation was characterized by showing macrophages, leucocytes, fibroblasts and fibroplasia.…”

Effects of an experimental challenge with Mycobacterium marinum on the blood parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1757)

“…Lester and Budd (1979), in fishes experimentally inoculated with Vibrio spp., found thrombocytes, neutrophils and monocytes, apparently with phagocyted bacteria. Finn and Nielson (1971) observed in Salmo gairdneri (= Oncorhynchus mykiss) a slight neutrophilia soon after the injection with complete Freund's adjuvant or a saline suspension of heatkilled Staphylococcus aureus. This occurred between 12 h and 2 days with a peak at 24 h. Macrophage (monocytes) counts increased at day 4 and remained elevated.…”

“…According to Matushima and Mariano (1996), these cells participate, together with the lymphocytes, directly in the granulomatous reaction. According to Finn and Nielson (1971) thrombocytes are present in recent fish lesions, more as a secundary cell type rather than one playing an active role. In the present study, thrombocyte counts were altered, decreasing shortly after fish inoculation, when numerous bacterial colonies were seen within organs.…”

Selected indices of immunologic resistance in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.) during prolonged, subacute phenolic intoxication

“…In case of fishes protective cell responses (Corbel 1975, Finn andNielson 1971) are probably similarly important. CONCLUSIONS 1.…”