The inclusion of de-oiled wet distillers grains in feedlot diets reduces the expression of lipogenic genes and fat content in Longissimus muscle from F1 Angus-Nellore cattle

Abstract

The inclusion of agro-industry by-products originated from corn ethanol production has increased in animal nutrition in Brazil, reducing formulation costs. In the literature, there is no consensus on how the high inclusion of de-oiled wet distillers grains can affect beef quality and the expression of lipogenic genes in Longissimus muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of WDG in the diet of F1 Angus-Nellore cattle on meat quality characteristics, chemical composition and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. A hundred F1 Angus-Nellore bulls, with average initial body weight (BW) of 369.5 ± 49 kg were used. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, and the animals were divided into two blocks (light and heavy) according to the initial body weight. The animals were fed diets containing levels of 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45% of WDG replacing dry corn and soybean meal. After 129 days of feedlot, the animals were slaughtered and samples of the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle were collected for quality analyzes such as shear force (3, 10 and 17 aging days), color (luminosity, red, Chroma and Hue), cooking losses, pH and chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipids and ash contents). In addition, the expression of the PPARα, PPARγ, SREBP-1c, SCD1, LPL, FABP4, FASN, ACOX, CPT2, GPX1 and ACACA genes was investigated in the LT muscle by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using polynomial contrasts (linear, quadratic and control vs. WDG). There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between aging times and the inclusion of WDG in the diets on the meat quality (pH, cooking losses, coloration and tenderness). However, diets with increasing levels of WDG caused a linear reduction (P = 0.01) in the intramuscular fat of LT. The lipogenic genes SCD1, PPARγ, FASN and CPT2 were less expressed (P < 0.05) in response to the inclusion of WDG. These results suggest that the inclusion of WDG reduced the expression of lipogenic genes and consequently the marbling of LT muscle without affecting tenderness (shear force) and meat color traits.

Meat Quality and Muscle Tissue Proteome of Crossbred Bulls Finished under Feedlot Using Wet Distiller Grains By-Product

“…In this respect, we previously reported and observed that the inclusion of WDG in cattle diets reduced the expression of the SDC-1 gene [ 44 ], which encodes this enzyme. The lower synthesis of MUFA as a result of the lower expression of the SDC-1 gene was associated with the dietary inclusion of WDG.…”

Gene Expression Profiling and Biofunction Analysis of HepG2 Cells Targeted by Crocetin

“…Studies have reported that dietary composition can affect gene expression, thus affecting biological processes and pathways. Therefore, changing the dietary composition and proportion of farm animals could improve the nutritional value of meat products [13][14][15]. Suarez-Vega et al [16] used the RNA-seq technique to study the MED-related mammary responses induced by CLA in breast milk, and compared the transcriptome data of mammary cells in ewes with the CLA-induced MFD group, the non-MED group, and the FO-MFD group, and identified the core genes involved in the downregulation of fatty acid synthesis in CLA-MFD and FO-MFD.…”