The incidence of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in the London marathon

Kipps, Courtney; Sharma, Sanjay; Pedoe, D.

doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.059535

Cited by 85 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…EAH is a dilutional hyponatraemia caused by the intake of hypotonic fluids beyond the dictate of thirst (Hew-Butler et al 2005Irving et al 1991). In marathoners, hyponatremic athletes reported significantly larger fluid intakes than non-hyponatremic finishers Kipps et al 2011). Hyponatremic marathoners consume fluids at a higher rate (0.84 L/h) compared to non-hyponatremic runners (0.45 L/h) (Kipps et al 2011).…”

Section: Fluid Intake and Prevalence Of Exercise-associated Hyponatramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In marathoners, hyponatremic athletes reported significantly larger fluid intakes than non-hyponatremic finishers Kipps et al 2011). Hyponatremic marathoners consume fluids at a higher rate (0.84 L/h) compared to non-hyponatremic runners (0.45 L/h) (Kipps et al 2011). Furthermore, fluid intake correlated significantly with plasma [Na ? ]…”

Section: Fluid Intake and Prevalence Of Exercise-associated Hyponatramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of EAH has been extensively investigated in endurance athletes such as marathoners Chorley et al 2007;Hew et al 2003;Kipps et al 2011;Mettler et al 2008), ultra-marathoners (Knechtle et al 2010a(Knechtle et al , 2011bLee et al 2011;Reid and King 2007;Stuempfle et al 2002Stuempfle et al , 2003 and Ironman triathletes Sharwood et al 2002;Speedy et al 2001a). In marathoners, the prevalence of EAH amounts up to about 22% depending upon the number of investigated athletes, their gender and fitness level Chorley et al 2007;Hew et al 2003;Kipps et al 2011;Mettler et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In marathoners, the prevalence of EAH amounts up to about 22% depending upon the number of investigated athletes, their gender and fitness level Chorley et al 2007;Hew et al 2003;Kipps et al 2011;Mettler et al 2008). In ultra-marathoners, the prevalence of EAH varied between 0 and 44% (Knechtle et al 2010a(Knechtle et al , 2011bReid and King 2007;Stuempfle et al 2002Stuempfle et al , 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No case of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in top male ultra-endurance cyclists: the ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’

Rüst

Knechtle

et al. 2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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The prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatraemia (EAH) has been investigated in endurance athletes such as runners and Ironman triathletes, but not in ultra-endurance road cyclists. We assessed fluid intake and changes in body mass, urine specific gravity and plasma sodium concentration ([Na(+)]) in 65 ultra-endurance road cyclists in a 720-km ultra-cycling marathon, the 'Swiss Cycling Marathon'. The cyclists lost 1.5 (1.7)% body mass (P < 0.01). No athlete developed EAH. Fluid intake was associated with the change in plasma [Na(+)] (r = -0.32, P < 0.05) and the change in body mass (r = -0.30, P < 0.05). The change in plasma [Na(+)] was related to post-race plasma [Na(+)] (r = 0.63, P < 0.0001). To conclude, ad libitum fluid intake in ultra-endurance cyclists in a single-stage ultra-endurance road cycling race showed no case of EAH. Future studies regarding drinking behaviour in different ultra-endurance disciplines might give insights into why the prevalence of EAH is different in the different disciplines. Abstract The prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatraemia (EAH) has been investigated in endurance athletes such as runners and Ironman triathletes, but not in ultraendurance road cyclists. We assessed fluid intake and changes in body mass, urine specific gravity and plasma sodium concentration ([Na ? ]) in 65 ultra-endurance road cyclists in a 720-km ultra-cycling marathon, the 'Swiss Cycling Marathon'. The cyclists lost 1.5 (1.7)% body mass (P \ 0.01). No athlete developed EAH. Fluid intake was associated with the change in plasma [Na ? ] (r = -0.32, P \ 0.05) and the change in body mass (r = -0.30, P \ 0.05). The change in plasma [Na ? ] was related to post-race plasma [Na ? ] (r = 0.63, P \ 0.0001). To conclude, ad libitum fluid intake in ultra-endurance cyclists in a single-stage ultra-endurance road cycling race showed no case of EAH. Future studies regarding drinking behaviour in different ultra-endurance disciplines might give insights into why the prevalence of EAH is different in the different disciplines.

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Section: Fluid Intake and Prevalence Of Exercise-associated Hyponatramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluid Intake and Prevalence Of Exercise-associated Hyponatramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

No case of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in top male ultra-endurance cyclists: the ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’

Rüst

Knechtle

et al. 2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…4 The association of vasopressin with effect on renal function and association with EAH has been investigated in marathon runners. 18 Marathon runners developing EAH showed an increase in body mass 19,20 and it was assumed that inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone release during exercise altered renal function 20 which may lead to water retention and EAH 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Multistage Ultraendurance Triathlon on Aldosterone, Vasopressin, Extracellular Water and Urine Electrolytes

et al. 2012

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Prolonged endurance exercise over several days induces increase in extracellular water (ECW). We aimed to investigate an association between the increase in ECW and the change in aldosterone and vasopressin in a multistage ultraendurance triathlon, the 'World Challenge Deca Iron Triathlon' with 10 Ironman triathlons within 10 days. Before and after each Ironman, body mass, ECW, urinary [Na(+)], urinary [K(+)], urinary specific gravity, urinary osmolality and aldosterone and vasopressin in plasma were measured. The 11 finishers completed the total distance of 38 km swimming, 1800 km cycling and 422 km running within 145.5 (18.8) hours and 25 (22) minutes. ECW increased by 0.9 (1.1) L from 14.6 (1.5) L prerace to 15.5 (1.9) L postrace (P < 0.0001). Aldosterone increased from 70.8 (104.5) pg/mL to 102.6 (104.6) pg/mL (P = 0.033); vasopressin remained unchanged. The increase in ECW was related neither to postrace aldosterone nor to postrace vasopressin. In conclusion, ECW and aldosterone increased after this multistage ultraendurance triathlon, but vasopressin did not. The increase in ECW and the increase in aldosterone were not associated.

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Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

Rosner¹

2013

Hyponatremia

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The incidence of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in the London marathon

Cited by 85 publications

References 24 publications

No case of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in top male ultra-endurance cyclists: the ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’

No case of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in top male ultra-endurance cyclists: the ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’

Effect of a Multistage Ultraendurance Triathlon on Aldosterone, Vasopressin, Extracellular Water and Urine Electrolytes

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

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