The incidence, impact, and treatment of substance abuse in head trauma rehabilitation

Sparadeo, Francis R.; Strauss, David Levi; Barth, Jeffrey T.

doi:10.1097/00001199-199009000-00004

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Approximately 58% of individuals with acquired brain injuries had a history of alcohol abuse or dependence prior to injury, 33% of acquired brain injury subjects had used illicit drugs prior to their injury [2]. As many as 50% of those with an ABI and a history of alcohol and other drug abuse will return to abusing alcohol and other drugs post-injury [3]. Additionally, 20% of those with ABI receiving treatment for substance abuse issues after injury did not have a history of substance abuse prior to their injury [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A personal intervention substance abuse treatment approach: Substance abuse treatment in a least restrictive residential model

Hensold¹,

Guercio²,

Grubbs³

et al. 2006

Brain Injury

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The following paper will detail demographic information about alcohol and substance abuse issues in the acquired brain injury (ABI) population. Included in such a review will be a systematic presentation of the current data on the incidence of such issues as well as a comprehensive treatment model with outcome data provided. Pre- and post-test measures of separate functional outcome areas were employed to assess the effects of the treatment package. The paper will document the core elements of a substance abuse treatment programme that is based upon community inclusion and positive, proactive treatment methods in facilitating decreases in substance abuse behaviour. The programme employed a host of individual and group session protocols specifically targeted at education and self-monitoring of behaviour in order to facilitate more effective self-control of addictive behaviours. The positive outcomes achieved by the participants involved in the study provide clinical justification for a proactive behavioural approach to substance abuse in the ABI population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A personal intervention substance abuse treatment approach: Substance abuse treatment in a least restrictive residential model

Hensold¹,

Guercio²,

Grubbs³

et al. 2006

Brain Injury

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“…Sparadeo and Gill [3] found that over 50% of those sustaining brain injuries were using alcohol at pre-injury levels 1 year post-injury. Sparadeo et al [4] found that returning to substance use following injury increased risk of additional injuries. Substance use after TBI has been associated with increased complications in recovery and decreased productivity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sparadeo et al [4] found that returning to substance use following injury increased risk of additional injuries. Substance use after TBI has been associated with increased complications in recovery and decreased productivity [4]. Research conducted by Kreutzer et al [5] indicated that returning to substance use following injury decreases the chances that these individuals will gain and maintain employment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory-3 for use with individuals with brain injury

Arenth

Bogner²,

Corrigan³

et al. 2001

Brain Inj.

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The utility of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI-3) for the use with individuals with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) was investigated. The SASSI-3 was administered to 78 subjects prior to discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The SASSI-3 diagnosis of chemical dependency was compared with the diagnosis of staff psychologists. Lower accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were found in SASSI-3 diagnosis for the subjects with brain injury, as compared to a normative sample of persons with disabilities participating in a vocational rehabilitation programme. When a diagnosis of 'dependence or abuse' was used, accuracy of the SASSI-3 increased. Comparison of diagnosis based on SASSI-3 versus Blood Alcohol Level (BAL) at the time of injury showed comparable accuracy; however, BAL was found to have higher specificity. For dependence or abuse, BAL continued to be more specific than the SASSI-3; however, the SASSI-3 was more sensitive. Based on these findings, a clinical approach to screening using both BAL and the SASSI-3 is discussed.

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“…Various studies of traumatic brain injury (TBI) consistently have found substance abusers at high risk for fatal and nonfatal injury (Cherpitel, 1996;Dikmen et al, 1993;Drubach et al, 1993Drubach et al, , 1994Emmerson et al, 1988;Kraus & Sorenson, 1994;Kraus et al, 1989;Kreutzer et al, 1990;Mearns & Lees-Haley, 1993;Mercer & Jeffery, 1995;Robertson et al, 1994;Soderstrom et al, 1997;Solomon & Malloy, 1992;Sparadeo et al, 1990). Research findings have reported a positive blood alcohol level (BAL) in 32 to 73% of patients admitted to hospitals for brain injury (Dikmen et al, 1995;Galbraith et al, 1976;Kraus & Sorenson, 1994;Kreutzer et al, 1990;Rimel et al, 1982;Solomon & Malloy, 1992;Sparadeo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research findings have reported a positive blood alcohol level (BAL) in 32 to 73% of patients admitted to hospitals for brain injury (Dikmen et al, 1995;Galbraith et al, 1976;Kraus & Sorenson, 1994;Kreutzer et al, 1990;Rimel et al, 1982;Solomon & Malloy, 1992;Sparadeo et al, 1990). Likewise, other substances of abuse such as cocaine, methamphetamine, and marijuana are found more frequently in TBI victims (Francis et al, 1995;Mercer & Jeffery, 1995;Skurtveit et al, 1995;Tomaszewski et al, 1996) and often occur in combination with alcohol (Martin et al, 1996a(Martin et al, , 1996bMeyer, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysubstance abuse and traumatic brain injury: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological outcome in older adolescents and young adults

Barker

Bigler

Johnson

et al. 1999

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Few studies have examined the consequences of alcohol and drug abuse on TBI though they commonly co-occur. Both TBI and substance abuse independently result in neuropathological changes in the brain such as ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy, thus it is reasonable to hypothesize that the combination of the two would result in more significant cerebral damage. In this study, 3 groups of patients-traumatically brain injured (TBI) with substance abuse~N 5 19), TBI without substance abuse~N 5 19), and substance abuse with no TBI~N 5 16)-were compared with normal controls~N 5 20) on several quantitative MRI (QMRI) measures. Since TBI most frequently occurs in older adolescents and young men, we examined only male participants between 16 and 30 years of age. Comparing young substance abusers to controls resulted in no QMRI differences. When controlling for head injury severity, the effects of substance abuse in combination with TBI resulted in greater atrophic changes than seen in any other group. TBI and substance abuse patients' neuropsychological test performances also were examined, and no differences were found among patient groups on any measures. These findings have implications for the deleterious interaction of substance abuse combining with TBI to result in greater neuropathological changes that can be detected by QMRI techniques. (JINS, 1999, 5, 593-608.)

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The incidence, impact, and treatment of substance abuse in head trauma rehabilitation

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

A personal intervention substance abuse treatment approach: Substance abuse treatment in a least restrictive residential model

A personal intervention substance abuse treatment approach: Substance abuse treatment in a least restrictive residential model

The utility of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory-3 for use with individuals with brain injury

Polysubstance abuse and traumatic brain injury: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological outcome in older adolescents and young adults

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